2011 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes in Korea

Ko, Seung Hyun; Kim, Dong Joon; Oh, Seung Joon; Lee, Hye Jin; Shim, Kang Hee; Woo, Mi Hye; Kim, Jun Young; Kim, Nan Hee; Kim, Jae Taik; Kim, Chong Hwa; Kim, Hye Jin; Jeong, In Kyung; Hong, Eun Gyoung; Cho, Jae Hyoung; Mok, Ji Oh; Yoon, Kun Ho; Kim, Sung Rea

doi:10.4093/jkd.2011.12.4.183

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Local guidelines for glycaemic targets vary between regions. Guidelines of the Chinese Diabetes Society and the Chinese Taipei Diabetes Association recommend a target HbA1c of <7.0% and the Korean Diabetes Association recommend an HbA1c target of <6.5% . Rates of glycaemic control are low in these Asia Pacific countries, with around one in three patients in China and Taiwan achieving an HbA1c of <7.0% and around one in four patients in Korea achieving an HbA1c of <6.5% …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus insulin glargine 100 U/mL in Asia Pacific insulin‐naïve people with type 2 diabetes: The EDITION AP randomized controlled trial

Kang

Dong

et al. 2019

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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Aim To compare the efficacy and safety of Gla‐300 versus Gla‐100 in insulin‐naïve people with type 2 diabetes in Asia Pacific. Materials and Methods In this open‐label, randomized, active‐controlled, 26‐week study, insulin‐naïve participants with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with non‐insulin antihyperglycaemic drugs were randomized (2:1) to Gla‐300 or Gla‐100. The initial daily dose of basal insulin was 0.2 U/kg and was adjusted at least weekly for 8–12 weeks to a target fasting self‐monitored plasma glucose (SMPG) of 4.4–5.6 mmol/L. Results Of the 604 participants randomized, 570 (Gla‐300, n = 375; Gla‐100, n = 195) completed the study. Non‐inferiority of Gla‐300 versus Gla‐100 in HbA1c reduction from baseline to week 26 was confirmed. In the Gla‐300 and Gla‐100 groups, 51.1% and 52.2% of participants achieved the HbA1c target of <7.0% (rate ratio [95% CI]: 0.98 [0.84 to 1.14]) and 19.1% and 21.9% achieved the target without hypoglycaemia during the last 12 weeks of treatment (rate ratio [95% CI]: 0.87 [0.63 to 1.20]). Changes in fasting plasma glucose and 24‐hour average eight‐point SMPG were comparable between groups. Incidence of hypoglycaemia at any time of day was similar between treatment groups at week 26, but incidence of any nocturnal hypoglycaemia was numerically lower with Gla‐300 than Gla‐100 over the initial 12‐week titration period and 26‐week on‐treatment period. Rates of adverse events were similar between groups and low for serious adverse events. Conclusions Glycaemic control of Gla‐300 is non‐inferior to Gla‐100 with a similar or lower incidence and proportion of hypoglycaemia in people with type 2 diabetes in Asia Pacific, reinforcing the results in the global EDITION programme.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus insulin glargine 100 U/mL in Asia Pacific insulin‐naïve people with type 2 diabetes: The EDITION AP randomized controlled trial

Kang

Dong

et al. 2019

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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“…Acarbose is an alternative drug to metformin, which is the firstline treatment drug for type 2 diabetes. [1][2][3] As a prototypical α-glucosidase inhibitor, acarbose acts on the brush border of small intestinal mucosal epithelial cells by reversibly binding to α-glucosidase, competitively inhibiting the activity of the enzyme and delaying the breakdown of starch into glucose, thereby reducing the absorption of glucose in the intestine to reduce postprandial hyperglycaemia. 4,5 Because of the extremely low bioavailability of acarbose due to poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, the main site of acarbose action, bioequivalence (BE) testing of generic acarbose formulations cannot be based on a pharmacokinetic endpoint.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of suitable pharmacodynamic parameters for acarbose bioequivalence evaluation: A series of clinical trials with branded acarbose

Huang

et al. 2020

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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To determine deficiencies in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s guidance for assessing acarbose bioequivalence (BE) and to explore optimal pharmacodynamic (PD) metrics for better evaluation of acarbose BE. Methods: Three clinical trials with branded acarbose were conducted in healthy subjects, including a pilot study (Study I, n = 11, 50 and 100 mg), a 2×2 crossover BE study (Study II, n = 36, 100 mg) and a 4×4 Williams study (Study III, n = 16, 50/100/ 150 mg). Serum glucose concentrations were measured by the glucose oxidase method. Results: In Study I, compared with 50 mg acarbose, only 100 mg acarbose had a significantly lower C max0-4h than that of sucrose administration alone (7.96 ± 0.83 mmol/L vs 6.78 ± 1.02 mmol/L, P < .05). In Study II, the geometric mean ratios of the test formulation to the reference formulation (both formulations were the branded drug) for FDA PD metrics, ΔC max0-4h and ΔAUC 0-4h , were 0.903 and 0.776, respectively, and the 90% confidence intervals were 67.44-120.90 and 53.65-112.13, respectively. The geometric mean ratios (confidence interval) for possible optimal evaluation PD metrics (C max0-2h and AUC 0-2h) were 1.035 (94.23-112.68) and 0.982 (89.28-107.17), respectively. Further, C max0-2h and AUC 0-2h also met the sensitivity requirements for BE evaluation in Study III. Conclusion: Considering the mechanisms of action of acarbose, the PD effect was shown to be dose independent during the 2-4 hours postadministration of acarbose. Hence PD metrics based on the serum glucose concentration from 0 to 2 hours (C max0-2h and AUC 0-2h) are more sensitive than the FDA-recommended PD metrics for acarbose BE evaluation from 0-4 hours (ΔC max0-4h and ΔAUC 0-4h).

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“…Hypertension was de ned as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg (24) Dyslipidemia was de ned as total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 40 mg/dL, or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥ 100 mg/dL (25) Diabetes mellitus was de ned as fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL (26) Obesity was de ned as body mass index ≥ 25 m 2 /kg (27) Anemia was de ned as hemoglobin < 12 mg/dL in females or < 13 mg/dL in males (28) Other diseases were diagnosed according to self-reported results by the health interview of NHNANES.…”

Section: Multimorbidity Pattern Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of cardiometabolic multimorbidity pattern with dietary factors among adults in South Korea

Jeong

Kim

Lee

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Backgrounds Globally, cardiometabolic multimorbidity pattern (CMP) is a complexed chronic health status which shorter the life expectancy compared with single disease in adults. We aimed to identify multimorbidity patterns in Korean adults to clarify the associations between dietary factors and CMP. Methods Nationally representative data for 9,011 Korean adults aged 19-64 years are obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2013-2015. Multimorbidity patterns for CMP, inflammatory disease, cancer and other disease pattern were identified by exploratory factor analysis. Dietary factors including food, nutrient intake and diet habits were evaluated. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models examined the associations between dietary factors and CMP. Results More than half of the multimorbidity pattern was CMP (n=4,907, 54.5%); CMP subjects were more likely to be older, male, less educated, lower income, laborers, smokers, and high-risk consumers of alcohol than those of non-CMP subjects. A higher intake of calcium (OR= 0.809, 95% CI= 0.691-0.945), potassium (OR= 0.838, 95% CI= 0.704-0.998), and fruits (OR= 0.841, 95% CI= 0.736-0.960) were inversely associated with the prevalence of CMP while the consumption of irregular meals (OR=1.164, 95% CI= 1.034-1.312) and skipping breakfast (OR=1.279, 95% CI= 1.078-1.518) were associated with a 16% and 28% higher likelihood of CMP, respectively. Conclusions CMP accounts for more than half of the multimorbidity patterns in Korean population, and lower intake of calcium, potassium, fruits, and skipping meals might have strong associations with CMP.

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2011 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes in Korea

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus insulin glargine 100 U/mL in Asia Pacific insulin‐naïve people with type 2 diabetes: The EDITION AP randomized controlled trial

Efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus insulin glargine 100 U/mL in Asia Pacific insulin‐naïve people with type 2 diabetes: The EDITION AP randomized controlled trial

Exploration of suitable pharmacodynamic parameters for acarbose bioequivalence evaluation: A series of clinical trials with branded acarbose

Association of cardiometabolic multimorbidity pattern with dietary factors among adults in South Korea

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