2010 Marie Curie prize lecture: low-dose induced protection invalidates the linear-no-threshold model in mammalian bodies â a system-biology approach

Feinendegen, L. E.

doi:10.1504/ijlr.2011.044190

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…That such complex processes can be jointly caused by a single radiation ionization event (a single radiation hit can cause cancer) is highly implausible. Further, there is a hierarchy of natural defenses 8 – 11 that are differentially stimulated by low radiation doses that must be overcome for cancer to occur, which are the bases for the hallmarks of cancer suppression. 12…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Critique of Recent Epidemiologic Studies of Cancer Mortality Among Nuclear Workers

Scott

2018

Dose-Response

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Current justification by linear no-threshold (LNT) cancer risk model advocates for its use in low-dose radiation risk assessment is now mainly based on results from flawed and unreliable epidemiologic studies that manufacture small risk increases (ie, phantom risks). Four such studies of nuclear workers, essentially carried out by the same group of epidemiologists, are critiqued in this article. Three of the studies that forcibly applied the LNT model (inappropriate null hypothesis) to cancer mortality data and implicated increased mortality risk from any radiation exposure, no matter how small the dose, are demonstrated to manufacture risk increases for doses up to 100 mSv (or 100 mGy). In a study where risk reduction (hormetic effect/adaptive response) was implicated for nuclear workers, it was assumed by the researchers to relate to a “strong healthy worker effect” with no consideration of the possibility that low radiation doses may help prevent cancer mortality (which is consistent with findings from basic radiobiological research). It was found with basic research that while large radiation doses suppress our multiple natural defenses (barriers) against cancer, these barriers are enhanced by low radiation doses, thereby decreasing cancer risk, essentially rendering the LNT model to be inconsistent with the data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adaptive protection relates to molecular-, cellular-, tissue-, and organ-level natural defenses against the indicated carcinogenic stresses. 1 , 10 , 15 – 18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critique of Recent Epidemiologic Studies of Cancer Mortality Among Nuclear Workers

Scott

2018

Dose-Response

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“…28 Current evidence demonstrates that biological responses to LDDR radiation are distinct from those occurring at high doses. 21,24,[29][30][31][32][33] Similarity of mechanisms is one of the fundamental assumptions underpinning the LNT extrapolation from high-dose and high-dose rate (HDDR) to LDDR, and there is growing evidence that this assumption is inaccurate. The USEPA's assertion that no threshold in radiationinduced mutations has been observed is inaccurate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

It Is Time to Move Beyond the Linear No-Threshold Theory for Low-Dose Radiation Protection

Cardarelli

Ulsh²

2018

Dose-Response

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The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is the primary federal agency responsible for promulgating regulations and policies to protect people and the environment from ionizing radiation. Currently, the USEPA uses the linear no-threshold (LNT) model to estimate cancer risks and determine cleanup levels in radiologically contaminated environments. The LNT model implies that there is no safe dose of ionizing radiation; however, adverse effects from low dose, low-dose rate (LDDR) exposures are not detectable. This article (1) provides the scientific basis for discontinuing use of the LNT model in LDDR radiation environments, (2) shows that there is no scientific consensus for using the LNT model, (3) identifies USEPA reliance on outdated scientific information, and (4) identifies regulatory reliance on incomplete evaluations of recent data contradicting the LNT. It is the time to reconsider the use of the LNT model in LDDR radiation environments. Incorporating the latest science into the regulatory process for risk assessment will (1) ensure science remains the foundation for decision making, (2) reduce unnecessary burdens of costly cleanups, (3) educate the public on the real effects of LDDR radiation exposures, and (4) harmonize government policies with the rest of the radiation scientific community.

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“…1 This letter relates to needed improvements in the SRP due to scientific deficiencies (eg, missing thresholds, nonlinear dose responses) and to major challenges in achieving the improvements. There now is extensive radiobiological evidence 2 , 3 that the LNT model is invalid for cancer induction (main contribution to health detriment), as chemico-biological interactions and their systemic consequences after low radiation doses (e.g., < 100 mGy) are consistently showing no adverse health effects and possible health benefits. 2 The health benefits (eg, cancer prevention) occur above an adaptive response threshold but below a second dose threshold for harm.…”

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confidence: 99%

Major Challenges in Improving the System of Radiological Protection

Scott

2021

Dose-Response

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2010 Marie Curie prize lecture: low-dose induced protection invalidates the linear-no-threshold model in mammalian bodies â a system-biology approach

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

A Critique of Recent Epidemiologic Studies of Cancer Mortality Among Nuclear Workers

A Critique of Recent Epidemiologic Studies of Cancer Mortality Among Nuclear Workers

It Is Time to Move Beyond the Linear No-Threshold Theory for Low-Dose Radiation Protection

Major Challenges in Improving the System of Radiological Protection

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