2010 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults

Greenland, Philip; Alpert, Joseph S.; Beller, George A.; Benjamin, Emelia J.; Budoff, Matthew J.; Fayad, Zahi A.; Foster, Elyse; Hlatky, Mark A.; Hodgson, John Mc B.; Kushner, Frederick G.; Lauer, Michael S.; Shaw, Leslee J.; Smith, Sidney C.; Taylor, Allen J.; Weintraub, William S.; Wenger, Nanette K.

doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e3182051b4c

Cited by 1,028 publications

(347 citation statements)

References 487 publications

(389 reference statements)

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“…Framingham risk scores (FRS), Pooled Cohort Equations, Reynolds risk score, highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and CAC are among the various measures that can be used for risk stratification of cardiovascular disease among asymptomatic population. 3,11 Of all the proposed tests, the CAC score has emerged as the strongest risk prediction tool. 2 It represents calcific atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries and correlates well with the overall burden of coronary atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Evidence Supporting Cac For Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

2016 SCCT/STR guidelines for coronary artery calcium scoring of noncontrast noncardiac chest CT scans: A report of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Society of Thoracic Radiology

Hecht

Cronin

Blaha

et al. 2017

Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography

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231

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Section: Evidence Supporting Cac For Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

2016 SCCT/STR guidelines for coronary artery calcium scoring of noncontrast noncardiac chest CT scans: A report of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Society of Thoracic Radiology

Hecht

Cronin

Blaha

et al. 2017

Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography

Self Cite

343

231

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“…To assess whether adding information on urine cotinine assessed smoking exposure to conventional cardiovascular risk factors35 is associated with an improvement in the prediction of CVD risk, we calculated measures of discrimination for censored time‐to‐event data (Harrell's C‐index36) and reclassification. To investigate the change in C‐index, we added smoking status to a model on the basis of traditional risk factors included in the Framingham CVD Risk Score (ie, age, sex, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol) 37.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Reported Smoking, Urine Cotinine, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Findings From the PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End‐Stage Disease) Prospective Cohort Study

Kunutsor

Spee

Kieneker

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundWe aimed to compare the associations of smoking exposure as assessed by self‐reports and urine cotinine with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and determine the potential utility of cotinine for CVD risk prediction.Methods and ResultsSmoking status by self‐reports and urine cotinine were assessed at baseline in 4737 participants (mean age, 53 years) of the PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End‐Stage Disease) prospective study. Participants were classified as never, former, light current (≤10 cigarettes/day), and heavy current smokers (>10 cigarettes/day) according to self‐reports and analogous cutoffs for urine cotinine. During a median follow‐up of 8.5 years, 296 first CVD events were recorded. Compared with self‐reported never smokers, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of CVD for former, light current, and heavy current smokers were 0.86 (0.64–1.17), 1.28 (0.83–1.97), and 1.80 (1.27–2.57) in multivariate analysis. Compared with urine cotinine–assessed never smokers, the corresponding hazard ratios of CVD for urine cotinine–assessed former, light current, and heavy current smokers were 1.70 (1.03–2.81), 1.62 (1.15–2.28), and 1.95 (1.39–2.73) respectively. The C‐index change on adding urine cotinine–assessed smoking status to a standard CVD risk prediction model (without self‐reported smoking status) was 0.0098 (0.0031–0.0164; P=0.004). The corresponding C‐index change for self‐reported smoking status was 0.0111 (0.0042–0.0179; P=0.002).ConclusionsSmoking status as assessed by self‐reports and urine cotinine is associated with CVD risk; however, the nature of the association of urine cotinine with CVD is consistent with a dose‐response relationship. The ability of urine cotinine to improve CVD risk assessment is similar to that of self‐reported smoking status.

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“…18 FRS refers to the 10-years risk for CV events (coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease and heart failure) and is considered high if 420%. 19 HS refers to the 10-years risk for fatal CV events and is considered high if 45%.…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular risk factor(s) prevalence in Greek hypertensives. Effect of gender and age

et al. 2011

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The aim of this study was to determine cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (RFs) and target organ damage clustering in 21280 Greek hypertensives stratified by gender and age. Glycemic and lipid profile were determined, left ventricular mass index, estimated gromerular filtration rate (eGFR), 10-years CV risk according to Framingham risk score (FRS) and HeartScore (HS) were calculated. Only 10.2% of patients had no concomitant RFs, 53.1% had one (48.8% dyslipidemia, 3.4% smoking, 0.9% diabetes), 32.9% had two (26% dyslipidemia and smoking, 6.6% dyslipidemia and diabetes, 0.3% smoking and diabetes) and 3.7% had all four traditional RFs. Obesity was present in 30%, metabolic syndrome in 38%, low eGFR in 24% and left ventricular hypertrophy in 49%. Mean FRS risk was 35% for males, 24.1% for females whereas in high risk (420%) were 68.7 and 50.7%, respectively (Po0.0001). Mean HS risk was 8.4% for males, 6.2% for females whereas in high risk (45%) were 48.6 and 36.2%, respectively (Po0.0001). Age was correlated to pulse pressure, eGFR, left ventricular mass index and CV risk (Po0.0001). Ageing increased the risk difference between genders for total (P ¼ 0.001) but not for fatal events (P ¼ nonsignificant). In conclusion, as RFs cluster in hypertensives, CV risk calculation should guide treatment decisions.

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2010 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults

Cited by 1,028 publications

References 487 publications

2016 SCCT/STR guidelines for coronary artery calcium scoring of noncontrast noncardiac chest CT scans: A report of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Society of Thoracic Radiology

2016 SCCT/STR guidelines for coronary artery calcium scoring of noncontrast noncardiac chest CT scans: A report of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Society of Thoracic Radiology

Self‐Reported Smoking, Urine Cotinine, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Findings From the PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End‐Stage Disease) Prospective Cohort Study

Cardiovascular risk factor(s) prevalence in Greek hypertensives. Effect of gender and age

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