2-DE Mapping of the Blue Mussel Gill Proteome: The Usual Suspects Revisited

Abstract

The Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis, L. 1758) is an ecologically important and commercially relevant bivalve. Because of its ability to bioconcentrate xenobiotics, it is also a widespread sentinel species for environmental pollution, which has been used in ecotoxicological studies for biomarker assessment. Consequently, numerous proteomics studies have been carried out in various research contexts using mussels of the genus Mytilus, which intended to improve our understanding of complex physiological processes related to reproduction, adaptation to physical stressors or shell formation and for biomarker discovery. Differential-display 2-DE proteomics relies on an extensive knowledge of the proteome with as many proteoforms identified as possible. To this end, extensive characterization of proteins was performed in order to increase our knowledge of the Mytilus gill proteome. On average, 700 spots were detected on 2-DE gels by colloidal blue staining, of which 122 different, non-redundant proteins comprising 203 proteoforms could be identified by tandem mass spectrometry. These proteins could be attributed to four major categories: (i) “metabolism”, including antioxidant defence and degradation of xenobiotics; (ii) “genetic information processing”, comprising transcription and translation as well as folding, sorting, repair and degradation; (iii) “cellular processes”, such as cell motility, transport and catabolism; (iv) “environmental information processing”, including signal transduction and signalling molecules and interaction. The role of cytoskeleton proteins, energetic metabolism, chaperones/stress proteins, protein trafficking and the proteasome are discussed in the light of the exigencies of the intertidal environment, leading to an enhanced stress response, as well as the structural and physiological particularities of the bivalve gill tissue.

MSP22.8 is a protease inhibitor‐like protein involved in shell mineralization in the edible mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

“…However, IC samples were completely negative as peptides that resemble the protein were not identified in any case. Moreover, the protein in question was reported to be present in foot [30] and more recently in gills [31], but MSP22.8 was not detected in any of these tissues [22]. PILP-B1 from M. coruscus has a putative serpin domain that belongs to the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) family.…”

Respuesta fisiológica y molecular de Anadara tuberculosa (Arcoida: Arcidae) al estrés de salinidad

“…A pesar que la mayoría de los trabajos han sido realizados en diferentes especies de bivalvos, es muy probable que los mecanismos de osmorregulación se conserven a nivel inter-específico. Recientemente, tecnologías de proteómica se han presentado como una alternativa para estudiar la respuesta de bivalvos frente a estrés abióticos (Artigaud et al, 2015;Rocher et al, 2015).…”

Proteomics as a multifaceted tool in medicine and environmental assessment

“…In addition, mussels are sessile and found attached to rocky substrates, allowing spatial localization of marine pollution and reflecting changes in the contamination of the environment from which they originate [67]. They are exposed to both dissolved and particulate forms of contaminants [72] [73].These characteristics make them ideal candidates for bioindicators of marine pollution and could be very useful as a tool in ecotoxicological and proteomic studies.…”

“…Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis) is an ecologically important and commercially relevant filter feeding bivalve [67], whose gills are the major site of interaction with the outside environment, mediated by the creation of water currents in the pallial cavity [68]. Apart from gas exchange, food is also trapped which are sorted and transported to the mouth via the gill epithelia [69].…”

“…Apart from gas exchange, food is also trapped which are sorted and transported to the mouth via the gill epithelia [69]. Mussels can filter up to 5 liters of seawater an hour exposing their gills to stressors and pollutants [67]. As a general biological defense of many marine and freshwater organisms against environmental toxicants, mussels are highly tolerant to xenobiotics, which tend to accumulate in large concentrations [70] [71].…”