2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside-stimulated dental pulp stem cells-derived conditioned medium enhances cell activity and anti-inflammation

Abstract

Background/purpose Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) contribute to the regeneration of various tissues and have superior proliferation, immune privilege, and anti-inflammation properties to other mesenchymal stem cells. 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (THSG) not only enhances the aforementioned properties of DPSCs but also promotes self-renewal and reprogramming-like ability. However, whether THSG enhances the aforementioned properties and abilities through direct or indirect interaction mechanisms remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we examined the effects of THSG-stimulated DPSC-derived conditioned medium (THSG-CM) on the activity and anti-inflammation properties of cells. Materials and methods DPSCs were treated with various concentrations of THSG to produce THSG-CM, which was then collected, analyzed, and lyophilized. A cytokine profiling antibody assay was used to compare protein components between THSG-treated and nontreated CM. Human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were used to investigate the effect of THSG-CM on cell proliferation, anti-inflammation, and wound healing abilities; for this investigation, MTS assay, quantitative real-time PCR analysis, and 2-well silicone inserts wound model were conducted. Results We observed that THSG enhanced the secretion of growth- and immune-associated proteins in THSG-CM and increased the proliferation of HSFs and HGFs. Furthermore, THSG-CM significantly attenuated lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mRNA levels of cytokines in both cells and improved wound healing abilities. Conclusion We conclude that THSG-CM had more beneficial effects on cell activity and anti-inflammation in the HSFs and HGFs than DPSC-derived CM. DPSC-derived CM can be developed into a cell-free regenerative strategy in the future, and its therapeutic efficacy may be improved by THSG-CM.

Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: An Intriguing Approach for Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration

“…The treatment with different substances may also influence cell secretome. The treatment of the DPSCs with 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (THSG), a bioactive component of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., induced changes in the secretion of growth-associated proteins in CM, increasing some of them such as AKT2 and NGF receptor [ 49 ]. Instead, CM from FGF-2-modified GMSCs contained more VEGF-A, FGF-2, and TGF-β [ 50 ].…”

Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived From Adult Human Third Molar Tooth: A Brief Review

“…Taken together, DPSCs secretome and exosome are rich in trophic factors that can mediate tissue regeneration and proliferation, which could be highly useful for prospective cell-free regenerative medicine and advantageous over interventions involving cell transplantation ( Vizoso et al, 2017 ). Nevertheless, a proper characterization of the DPSCs’ secretome and exosome is required since they are significantly influenced by culture conditions ( Chin et al, 2021 ), hypoxia ( Aranha et al, 2010 ), insult ( Mattei et al, 2021 ), DPSCs passage ( Faruqu et al, 2020 ), subpopulation ( Nakashima et al, 2009 ), and stage of differentiation ( Huang et al, 2016 ).…”

Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells/dental stem cells and their therapeutic applications

“…Downregulation of FasL expression in DPSCs compromises their immunomodulatory properties [ 52 ]. Conditioned medium (CM) from DPSCs effectively improved healing and attenuated the inflammatory response of skin fibroblasts [ 53 ]. Systemic infusion of GMSCs significantly ameliorated colonic inflammation, restored injured gastrointestinal mucosal tissues, reversed diarrhea and weight loss, and suppressed overall disease activity in mice with experimental colitis [ 54 ].…”