2,2-Bis(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1-Propanol—A Persistent Product of Bisphenol A Bio-Oxidation in Fortified Environmental Water, as Identified by HPLC/UV/ESI-MS

Abstract

Biodegradation of bisphenol A in the environmental waters (lake, river, and sea) has been studied on the base of fortification of the samples taken and the biodegradation products have been analyzed using HPLC/UV/ESI-MS. Analysis of the characteristic fragmentation patterns of [M-H]− ions permitted unambiguous identification of the biodegradation products as 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol or as p-hydroxyacetophenone, depending on the type of surface water source. The formation of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol was much more common than that of p-hydroxyacetophenone. Moreover, 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol has not been further biodegraded, in contrast to the p-hydroxyacetophenone, which was further mineralized. It has been proved, for the first time, that 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol can be regarded as persistent product of bisphenol A biodegradation in the fortified environmental waters.

Bisphenol A analysis and quantification inconsistencies via HPLC-UV: a systematic review with technical notes

“…HPLC-UV was also utilized as a reference by some authors that aimed to develop novel alternative methods for the determination of BPA [32][33][34]. Moreover, approximately a quarter of studies (23.64%) utilized HPLC-UV as a technique for quantification of BPA in environmental samples [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45], mostly from aquatic habitats. 12.73% of the analyzed papers studied the leaching of BPA from consumer products, mostly dentistry resins [31,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52], but also from plastic packaging and bottles [53,54].…”

“…The variety of these publications represents a reflection of the growing concerns in regard to BPA contamination. The literature search revealed that BPA was mostly identified in water samples [35,62] and sediment [63], but it could also contaminate soil via plastic trash and Fig. 3 A Main purpose of the analyzed studies as revealed by the publications in Table S1.…”