2.1.1 Model‐Based operational analysis for complex systems ‐ A case study for electric vehicles

Abstract

ABSTRACT. We present in this paper an operational analysis of a complex system following a Model Based Systems Engineering approach, illustrated by a case study on electric vehicles. We explain some strategic issues and reasons that make electric vehicles important and complex systems, and how these vehicles can significantly contribute to the European policies for sustainable development. We explain why it is necessary to apply a Systems Engineering approach to deal with the complexity of such systems, and we give an overview of the architectural design framework we follow. We present a model of the system of interest and of its environment built from the analysis of public documents and literature reviews. This allowed us to identify the key stakeholders, external interfaces, needs, use cases and operational scenarios. Based on this operational analysis, we present ways to pursue functional and trade-off analyses.

How to Boost Product Line Engineering with MBSE - A Case Study of a Rolling Stock Product Line

“…These models can be used to refine the operational concepts and support the optimization of system architectures [Doufene. et al 2013[Doufene. et al , 2014, support trade-off studies, support verification and validation, or promote the development of cohesive operational, functional and physical architectures of the system.…”

Engineering Sustainable System of Systems: A Holistic Approach for a Brighter Future

“…Recently, SoSE practices have been broadened to include much smaller systems such as automotive SoS (Tudor and Botham 2014). For example, the electric-vehicle (EV) ecosystem can be considered an automotive system of systems that consists of multiple constituent systems such as the vehicle, the charging stations, the infrastructure and the information and communication systems that work together to achieve a unique capability (Doufene et al 2014). The systems of systems ecosystem could be also extended to include the utilities companies that provide the electricity, the automotive manufacturers, and their battery suppliers.…”

Planning an itinerary for an electric vehicle

“…This type of optimization problem can be formulated as the generalized multi-commodity network flow (GMCNF) problem. It is a novel network flow model that introduces three types of matrix multiplications (requirement, transformation, and concurrency) on top of the classical network flow problems and also allows loop edges associated with nodes (graph loops) and multiple edges between the same end nodes (multigraph) [14] [13]. The problem in this paper can be interpreted as a shortest path problem with internal sources of consumables.…”

“…The path calculation module retrieves all the parameters coordinates of charging stations on paths between A and B, their electrical characteristics, weather and traffic conditions on these paths, etc. This module calculates the conditions for success of the mission taking into account the battery throughout the trip, the time required to achieve the mission, and the cost depending on the eventual choice of energy cosystem [13].…”