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The SUNSET framework for simulation, emulation and at-sea testing of underwater wireless sensor networks

“…Using the APIs, users can develop their own applications without knowing the exact mechanisms of the underlying acoustic physical layer. Using Aqua-Lab 1 The main SUNSET components for simulation, emulation and at-sea testing are released as open source software. Additional modules and solutions, developed in collaboration with industrial partners or covered by a non disclosure agreement, are released in a binary format or are not released.…”

“…Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) have become an important area of research with many potential applications, including the monitoring and discovery of the marine environment, offshore hydrocarbon surveying and extraction, underwater CO 2 storage, coastal protection, and the prediction of underwater seismic and volcanic events [1,2]. A common feature in all these applications is the increasing need of underwater communications technologies connecting existing static and mobile platforms into cooperative underwater monitoring and control systems.…”

“…SUNSET version 1.0 was freely released in May 2012, following which it has been significantly improved and enhanced, adapting to the lessons learned during extensive at-sea experimentation, resulting in SUNSET version 2.0 [17], released in October 2013. 1 SUNSET is based on the well known network simulator ns-2 [18] (and its extension ns2-Miracle [19]). Both these simulation tools have been significantly extended to reduce the gap between simulation and at-sea results.…”

Effect of bandwidth in cross-correlation based underwater network size estimation

“…Size of a network can also be estimated using distributed orthogonalization [10]. These methods are designed for RFID as well as terrestrial network and not applicable to underwater network due to large propagation latency, non-negligible capture effect, high path loss and limited bandwidth of underwater environment [11]. For underwater wireless network, a dynamic network structure estimation technique has been proposed by Blouin [12] based on intermission between the nodes.…”

Time Jitter, Turbulence and Chromatic Dispersion in Underwater Optical Wireless Links

“…Additionally, the turbulence of the fluid, water purity and dispersion significantly affect the performance and the operation of the wireless communication link. Furthermore, due to their capability for ultrafast data transmission, the time jitter effect also affects their characteristics [1,[11][12][13].Many statistical models have been presented in order to describe the turbulence effect, especially in the atmospheric environment. However, it has been proven that most of these models are also accurate for the underwater environment [14][15][16][17].…”