1H NMR based metabolic profiling distinguishes the differential impact of capture techniques on wild bighorn sheep

Abstract

Environmental metabolomics has the potential to facilitate the establishment of a new suite of tools for assessing the physiological status of important wildlife species. A first step in developing such tools is to evaluate the impacts of various capture techniques on metabolic profiles as capture is necessary to obtain the biological samples required for assays. This study employed 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolite profiling of 562 blood serum samples from wild bighorn sheep to identify characteristic molecular serum makers of three capture techniques (dart, dropnet, and helicopter-based captures) to inform future sampling protocols for metabolomics studies, and to provide insights into the physiological impacts of capture. We found that different capture techniques induce distinct changes in amino acid serum profiles, the urea cycle, and glycolysis, and attribute the differences in metabolic patterns to differences in physical activity and stress caused by the different capture methods. These results suggest that when designing experiments involving the capture of wild animals, it may be prudent to employ a single capture technique to reduce confounding factors. Our results also supports administration of tranquilizers as soon as animals are restrained to mitigate short-term physiological and metabolic responses when using pursuit and physical restraint capture techniques.

Gut microbiome dysbiosis drives metabolic dysfunction in Familial dysautonomia

“…Additional manual processing of 1D 1 H NMR spectra and metabolite profiling were conducted using the Chenomx NMR Suite software (version 8.4; Chenomx Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada). Baseline correction of NMR spectra following an import of preprocessed '1r' NMR spectral files into the Chenomx software was performed using the automatic cubic spline function (Chenomx Spline) in Chenomx, and subsequent manual breakpoint adjustment to obtain a flat, welldefined baseline, following guidelines from Chenomx application notes and reported methods [63][64][65] . 1 H chemical shifts were referenced to the most upfield signal of DSS, set to 0.0 ppm, and the 1 H NMR resonance of imidazole was used to correct for small chemical shift variations arising from slight changes in sample pH.…”

A Comprehensive NMR Analysis of Serum and Fecal Metabolites in Familial Dysautonomia Patients Reveals Significant Metabolic Perturbations

“…Metabolites with concentration differences that contributed most significantly to the separate clustering of the FD patient and healthy relative control groups in the 3D-PLS-DA analyses were further evaluated using variable importance in projection (VIP) score plots ( Figure 2 ), which provided valuable information on useful metabolite discriminators when associated with VIP scores ≥ 1.2 [ 22 ]. VIP Scores for component 1-3 ( Figure 2 and Supplementary Tables S4 and S5 ) were examined in terms of which specific metabolites contributed most to the group separation along component 1, 2, or 3.…”

“…The Bruker gradient-based water suppression “zgesgp” pulse sequence [ 19 , 20 ] was used for the acquisition of 1D 1 H NMR spectra, which were recorded at 300 K with the following parameters: 256 scans, 64K data points, a 69 µs dwell time, and a 1 H spectral window of 12.0166 ppm, resulting in a NMR spectrum data acquisition time period of ~4.5 s. A recovery delay time (D1) between acquisitions was set to 2.0 s, resulting in a total relaxation recovery delay of ~6.5 s between scans. Chemical shift referencing using DSS and phase correction of 1D 1 H NMR spectra were conducted using Topspin (Billerica, MA, USA, Bruker version 3.2), as previously reported [ 19 , 21 , 22 ]. Baseline and phase correction were executed in Topspin with 0.80 Hz line broadening for exponential multiplication prior to Fourier transformation to give the preprocessed ‘1r’ NMR file.…”

The regular pattern of metabolite changes in mushroom Inonotus hispidus in different growth periods and exploration of their indicator compounds

“…It is worth noting that mass spectrometry can’t detect all the metabolites, not because the mass spectrometry is not sensitive enough, but because mass spectrometry can only detect ionized substances, but some metabolites can’t be ionized in the mass spectrometer. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is needed to make up for the lack of chromatography in the future, and further research is needed 36 – 38 . Through the metabonomic and natural product research combined, the content of ergosterol peroxide and (22E)-ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one showed a linear trend increase, which indicated the feasibility of their use as an indicator for fruiting body maturation, but whether this indicator can be applied for the commercial production of mushroom I. hispidus requires the verification of large-scale fruiting experiences.…”