1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the left temporal and frontal lobes in schizophrenia: Clinical, neurodevelopmental, and cognitive correlates

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the frontal lobe in schizophrenics: a critical review of the methodology

“…Regarding subgroup comparisons, Heimberg et al 32 , Bustillo et al 33 and Ende et al 34 found NAA differences between schizophrenics treated with atypical anti-psychotics as compared to schizophrenics under typical neuroleptics, and between each subgroup and its control. Buckley et al 4 evidenced NAA decrease in male schizophrenics as compared to normal controls and to female schizophrenics. Dellamillieure et al 24 demonstrated NAA decrease in schizophrenics with deficit syndrome, as compared to patients without such deficit and to controls.…”

“…One of the evidences supporting a possible effect of gender on schizophrenia is given by the study by Buckley et al 4 . In their results, male schizophrenic patients presented significant NAA decrease, as compared to male controls and to female patients.…”

“…MRS is a non-invasive, non-radioactive procedure that allows quantification of several metabolites in specific regions of the human brain [2][3][4][5] . Bloch and Purcell originally described its basic principles in 1946, but it was only in 1980 that Ackerman and coworkers developed the in vivo technique [6][7] .…”

Reproducibility of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging in Patients with Schizophrenia

“…The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of 1 H-MRSI in several brain regions, both in patients with schizophrenia and normal controls, including the hippocampal area (HIPPO) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of the disorder (Weinberger and Lipska 1995;Weinberger 1995), and that have been among the sites of previously reported 1 H-MRS findings (Yurgelun-Todd et al 1996;Renshaw et al 1995;Nasrallah et al 1994;Maier et al 1995;Buckley et al 1994;Fukuzako et al 1995;Bertolino et al 1996). A secondary objective was to determine the stability of the regionality of neurochemical pathology in a group of patients with schizophrenia .…”

“…Localized 1 H-MRS has been used to study a variety of brain disorders, including multiple sclerosis (Roser et al 1995), neoplasm (Alger et al 1990), epilepsy (Connelly et al 1994), Down's syndrome (Murata et al 1993), Huntington's disease (Jenkins et al 1993), and schizophrenia (Yurgelun-Todd et al 1996;Renshaw et al 1995;Nasrallah et al 1994;Maier et al 1995;Buckley et al 1994;Fukuzako et al 1995). 1 H-MRS has recently evolved to multislice 1 H-MRS imaging ( 1 H-MRSI) that permits imaging of signals arising from a large number of small single-volume elements (nominal volume resolution of 0.84 mL) within multiple whole brain slices, thus enabling mapping of the spatial extent of chemical abnormalities with improved resolution (Duyn et al 1993).…”