“…27 Al-NMR spectroscopy has been widely used to study Al solution complexes, often in combination with ligand-targeted NMR spectroscopy, vibrational spectroscopy, and molecular modeling. The 27 Al-NMR method has been applied with varying success to virtually all classes of aqueous Al complexes, including monomeric hydrolysis species, − polymers, , inorganic complexes (e.g., sulfate and fluoride), , and organic complexes (e.g., lactate, , oxalate, citrate, , salicylate, amino acids, and EDTA ,, ). However, the method is limited due to the high sensitivity of the quadrupolar 27 Al nucleus to electric field gradients that may arise from geometric distortions and mixed ligation in the Al coordination sphere.…”