1982 eruption of Mount Cameroon, West Africa

Fitton, J. Godfrey; Kilburn, Christopher R. J.; Thirlwall, M. F.; Hughes, David J.

doi:10.1038/306327a0

Cited by 89 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The Cameroon Line (Déruelle, Ngounouno & Demaiffe, 2007 and references therein) is divided into two provinces: oceanic (dominantly basaltic with minor nephelinite, phonolite and trachyte lavas : Fitton, 1987;Fitton et al 1983;Fitton & Hughes, 1977;Halliday et al 1988) and continental (with a wider suite of rocks and age range, including felsic and basaltic lavas, and more silicic and alkaline plugs: Nono et al 1994;Marzoli et al 2000;Ngounouno, Deruelle & Demaiffe, 2000). The volcanic products are deposited on Tertiary sediments overlying a Precambrian crystalline basement (Toteu, Penaye & Poudjom Djomani, 2004;Ngako et al 2006), or intrusive syenites and granites younger than 70 Ma.…”

Section: Geological Context Of Mount Cameroon and The 1999 Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and structure of the 1999 lava flows at Mount Cameroon Volcano (West Africa) and their bearing on the emplacement dynamics of volume-limited flows

et al. 2010

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-The morphology and structure of the 1999 lava flows at Mount Cameroon volcano are documented and discussed in relation to local and source dynamics. Structures are analysed qualitatively and more detailed arguments are developed on the processes of levee formation and systematic links between flow dynamics and levee-channel interface geometry. The flows have clear channels bordered by four main types of levees: initial, accretionary, rubble and overflow levees. Thermally immature pahoehoe lava units with overflow drapes define the proximal zone, whereas rubble and accretionary levees are common in the distal region bordering thermally mature aa clinker or blocky aa flow channels. Pressure ridges, squeeze-ups and pahoehoe ropes are the prevalent compressive structures. Standlines displayed on clinkery breccias are interpreted to represent leveechannel interactions in response to changing flow levels. These data complement previous knowledge on lava flow morphology, thus far dominated by Etnean and Hawaiian examples.

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Section: Geological Context Of Mount Cameroon and The 1999 Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and structure of the 1999 lava flows at Mount Cameroon Volcano (West Africa) and their bearing on the emplacement dynamics of volume-limited flows

et al. 2010

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“…The total volume of lava erupted is approximately estimated by assuming a uniform average value of 3m for their respective thicknesses. The timing and volume of the 1982 eruption in conjunction with data from previous eruptions of Mount Cameroon are consistent with the volcano having achieved an equilibrium or steady state with a mean rate of discharge of 0.02±0.01m 3 s 1 (Fitton et al, 1983). Assuming that this behavior will reoccur in future i.e.…”

Section: Geostatistical Prediction Of Future Volcanic Eruption and Rimentioning

confidence: 50%

“…However, this fracture zone model does not offer any explanation as to what caused the partial melting in the mantle. According to Fitton et al;1983 an upwelling asthenospheric plume initially situated beneath the Benue Trough but now located beneath the Cameroon line and the Gulf of Guinea, may have given rise to the volcanic line. The general accepted origin of the Cameroon volcanic line has been that of closed spaced hot spots (Zogning, 1997).…”

Section: Geostatistical Prediction Of Future Volcanic Eruption and Rimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main Plateau is about 50km long and 35km wide and covering an area of about 1800km 2 trending SW -NE (Ngonge, 1988). Certain authors like Dèruelle (1982), Dèruelle et al (1987), Fitton et al (1983), Nkoumbou et al (1995) have carried out the risk assessment associated with volcanic eruptions in Mount Cameroon. However, published works on possible future eruptions in Mount Cameroon are few and remain the exclusive preserve of the Government or the Company that carried out the study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geostatistical prediction of future volcanic eruption and risk assessment for the Mount Cameroon Volcano.

Lapi¹,

Amob²,

Ngah³

et al. 2010

Glo Jnl Pure Appl Sci

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This study presents a statistical analysis forecasting a possible future volcanic eruption in Mount Cameroon. The study is primarily undertaken to assess the risk, determine the frequency of the successive eruptions and from this, forecast a possible future eruption of the Mount Cameroon volcano. This will assist in future planning and possibly put in place hazard mitigation strategies that will forestall the loss of lives and property.

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“…Previous studies on volcanic rocks found the regional isotope variability of the upper mantle beneath the CVL (e.g., Fitton et al, 1983;Halliday et al, 1988;Halliday et al, 1990;Lee et al, 1994;Ballentine et al, 1997). Halliday et al (1990) studied the isotope chemistry of the young lava (basalt, basanite, nephelinite, and more evolved rocks) from volcanoes in the CVL, and reported drastic changes in the isotopic compositions in the center of the CVL, close to the continent/ocean boundary (Fig.…”

Section: Relationship Between Mantle Variability and Plume Upwelling mentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrological and chemical variability of peridotite xenoliths from the Cameroon volcanic line, West Africa: an evidence for plume emplacement

Matsukage

Oya

2010

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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Peridotite xenoliths from the Cameroon volcanic line (CVL), which is a 1600 -km -long volcanic chain on the continental margin of West Africa and the Gulf of Guinea, exhibit regional variations in petrography, mineral chemistry, and equilibrium temperature. The xenoliths are mainly composed of spinel lherzolite, spinel harzburgite, dunite, and small amounts of wehrlite and websterite. Lherzolite and harzburgite are similar in texture, and the MgO and Cr 2 O 3 components in these minerals increase with a decrease in the Al 2 O 3 and Na 2 O components and the modal abundance of clinopyroxene. This feature can be explained by a process of the partial melting of pyrolitic lherzolite and subsequent melt extraction in shallow mantle at a depth of 30 -80 km. The Bioko, which is located near the center of the CVL, is distinctive from other regions (Annobon, Principe, Mt. Cameroon, Oku, and Ngaoundere) because of the higher degree of partial melting of residual peridotites. The estimated degree of partial melting in Bioko was about 25 -30%, while in other areas it was less than 25%. Bioko was also characterized by the amount of cumulus dunite and wehrlite. The equilibrium temperatures of the xenoliths, as determined by a two -pyroxene geothermometer, were higher at the center of the CVL (e.g., about 1000 °C in Bioko) and gradually decreased toward the margins of the CVL (e.g., they were about 850 °C in Annobon, the margin of the oceanic area). These observations indicate that extensive igneous activity occurred at the uppermost mantle under the Bioko area, near the center of the CVL. Based on our study and previous isotope studies of volcanic rocks, we conclude that the regional variations in the CVL mantle were formed by the upwelling and emplacement of a deep hot plume about 120 Ma, which caused the opening of the Atlantic Ocean.

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1982 eruption of Mount Cameroon, West Africa

Cited by 89 publications

References 21 publications

Morphology and structure of the 1999 lava flows at Mount Cameroon Volcano (West Africa) and their bearing on the emplacement dynamics of volume-limited flows

Morphology and structure of the 1999 lava flows at Mount Cameroon Volcano (West Africa) and their bearing on the emplacement dynamics of volume-limited flows

Geostatistical prediction of future volcanic eruption and risk assessment for the Mount Cameroon Volcano.

Petrological and chemical variability of peridotite xenoliths from the Cameroon volcanic line, West Africa: an evidence for plume emplacement

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