18. High-Resolution SH-Wave Seismic Reflection for Characterization of Onshore Ground Conditions in the Trondheim Harbor, Central Norway

Polom, Ulrich; Louise, Hansen; Sauvin, Guillaume; Jean-Sébastien, L’Heureux; Isabelle, Lecomte; Krawczyk, Charlotte M.; Maarten, Vanneste; Longva, Oddvar

doi:10.1190/1.9781560802259.ch18

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…All in all, 7 profiles with P-waves (8.0 km), 3 profiles with S-waves (2.4 km) and VSPs with both P-and S-waves in 5 boreholes (maximal geophone depth 39-102 m) were acquired. LIAG's hydraulically driven vibrator systems MHV2.7 and HVP-30 (Buness and Wiederhold, 1999) were used as seismic sources for Pwave surveys and MHV4S (Polom et al, 2010) for S-wave surveys. For VSP measurements the small electro-dynamical vibrator system ELVIS Krawczyk et al, 2011) was used as a seismic source.…”

Section: Seismic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compiling geophysical and geological information into a 3-D model of the glacially-affected island of Föhr

Burschil

Scheer

Kirsch

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Within the scope of climatic change and associated sea level rise, coastal aquifers are endangered and are becoming more a focus of research to ensure the future water supply in coastal areas. For groundwater modelling a good understanding of the geological/hydrogeological situation and the aquifer behavior is necessary. In preparation of groundwater modelling and assessment of climate change impacts on coastal water resources, we setup a geological/hydrogeological model for the North Sea Island of Föhr.Data from different geophysical methods applied from the air, the surface and in boreholes contribute to the 3-D model, e.g. airborne electromagnetics (SkyTEM) for spatial mapping the resistivity of the entire island, seismic reflections for detailed cross-sections in the groundwater catchment area, and geophysical borehole logging for calibration of these measurements. An iterative and integrated evaluation of the results from the different geophysical methods contributes to reliable data as input for the 3-D model covering the whole island and not just the well fields.The complex subsurface structure of the island is revealed. The local waterworks use a freshwater body embedded in saline groundwater. Several glaciations reordered the youngest Tertiary and Quaternary sediments by glaciotectonic thrust faulting, as well as incision and refill of glacial valleys. Both subsurface structures have a strong impact on the distribution of freshwater-bearing aquifers. A digital geological 3-D model reproduces the hydrogeological structure of the island as a base for a groundwater model. In the course of the data interpretation, we deliver a basis for rock identification.We demonstrate that geophysical investigation provide petrophysical parameters and improve the understanding of the subsurface and the groundwater system. The main benefit of our work is that the successful combination of electromagnetic, seismic and borehole data reveals the complex geology of a glacially-affected island. A sound understanding of the subsurface structure and the compilation of a 3-D model is imperative and the basis for a groundwater flow model to predict climate change effects on future water resources.

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Section: Seismic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compiling geophysical and geological information into a 3-D model of the glacially-affected island of Föhr

Burschil

Scheer

Kirsch

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The survey set-up is designed for near-surface reflection-seismic profiling, especially in urban areas, e.g. the suppression of surface Love waves if the first subsurface layer is of higher seismic velocity than the second layer, which is often the case on paved or compacted roads (Polom et al, 2010;Krawczyk et al, 2012). For a successful survey in a karst area the use of a high-frequency signal and a dense receiver and source spacing are important for detecting the strong lateral and vertical, structural variations induced by dissolution and obtaining high-resolution images of the subsurface (Wadas et al, 2016).…”

Section: Shear Wave Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural analysis of S-wave seismics around an urban sinkhole: evidence of enhanced dissolution in a strike-slip fault zone

Wadas¹,

Tanner²,

Polom³

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In November 2010, a large sinkhole opened up in the urban area of Schmalkalden, Germany. To determine the key factors which benefited the development of this collapse structure and therefore the dissolution, we carried out several shear-wave reflection-seismic profiles around the sinkhole. In the seismic sections we see evidence of the Mesozoic tectonic movement in the form of a NW-SE striking, dextral strike-slip fault, known as the Heßleser Fault, which faulted and fractured the subsurface below the town. The strike-slip faulting created a zone of small blocks ( <100 m in size), around which steep-dipping normal faults, reverse faults and a dense fracture network serve as fluid pathways for the artesian-confined groundwater. The faults also acted as barriers for horizontal groundwater flow perpendicular to the fault planes. Instead groundwater flows along the faults which serve as conduits and forms cavities in the Permian deposits below ca. 60 m depth. Mass movements and the resulting cavities lead to the formation of sinkholes and dissolutioninduced depressions. Since the processes are still ongoing, the occurrence of a new sinkhole cannot be ruled out. This case study demonstrates how S-wave seismics can characterize a sinkhole and, together with geological information, can be used to study the processes that result in sinkhole formation, such as a near-surface fault zone located in soluble rocks. The more complex the fault geometry and interaction between faults, the more prone an area is to sinkhole occurrence.

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“…, Inazaki, 2004;Polom et al, 2010Polom et al, , 2013Pugin et al, 2013;Krawczyk et al, 2013;Ghose et al, 2013]. In the Otway area, compressional inversion is evident with throws of only 2 m near the surface, as indicated in outcrop (Figure 19) or interpreted from refractor steps in seismic data (Figure 17, top).…”

Section: Combination Of Surface and Seismic Subsurface Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Source and receivers were run in SH orientation, i.e., particle motions perpendicular to the spread orientation [e.g., Polom et al, 2010;Krawczyk et al, 2013]. In this case a spread length of 240 m was used to constrain a deeper-reaching seismic velocity model than in the latter two citations.…”

Section: Shear Wave Reflection Seismic Surveyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near‐surface fault detection using high‐resolution shear wave reflection seismics at the CO2CRC Otway Project site, Australia

et al. 2016

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High‐resolution, near‐surface, shear wave reflection seismic measurements were carried out in November 2013 at the CO2CRC Otway Project site, Victoria, Australia, with the aim to determine whether and, if so, where deeper faults reach the near subsurface. From a previous P wave 3‐D reflection seismic data set that was concentrated on a reservoir at 2 km depth, we can only interpret faults up to 400 m below sea level. For the future monitoring in the overburden of the CO2 reservoir it is important to know whether and how the faults continue in the subsurface. We prove that two regional fault zones do in fact reach the surface instead of dying out at depth. Individual first‐break signatures in the shot gathers along the profiles support this interpretation. However, this finding does not imply perforce communication between the reservoir and the surface in the framework of CO2 injection. The shear wave seismic sections are complementary to existing P wave volumes. They image with high resolution (better than 3 m vertically) different tectonic structures. Similar structures also outcrop on the southern coast of the Otway Basin. Both the seismic and the outcrops evidence the complex youngest structural history of the area.

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18. High-Resolution SH-Wave Seismic Reflection for Characterization of Onshore Ground Conditions in the Trondheim Harbor, Central Norway

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Compiling geophysical and geological information into a 3-D model of the glacially-affected island of Föhr

Compiling geophysical and geological information into a 3-D model of the glacially-affected island of Föhr

Structural analysis of S-wave seismics around an urban sinkhole: evidence of enhanced dissolution in a strike-slip fault zone

Near‐surface fault detection using high‐resolution shear wave reflection seismics at the CO2CRC Otway Project site, Australia

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