17-in. Video-Rate Full-Color FLCD.

Abstract

A 17-in. video rate full color Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Display (FLCD) with 720•~916 dots, using r-Vmin mode was developed. The full color moving images with 256 gray levels for each color was displayed by the digital gray scale method combining 2 bits spatial dither and 4 bits temporal dither. The response speed of FLC material is very fast (12 ps/line) and the 4 bits temporal dither with video rate scanning was realized. The FLCD shows a contrast ratio of 60 : 1, a wide viewing angle due to the in-plane switching, and strong shock stability (20 kg/cm2) due to the spacer walls structure. This paper presents a high potential of FLCD for the large-size direct-view video-rate full-color simple-passive-matrix flat panel display.

Gray scale in zenithal bistable LCDs: The route to ultra‐low‐power color displays

“…Full-color bistable ferroelectric liquidcrystal displays (FLCDs) have been reported previously: 256 grays were achieved using a combination of spatial (electrode sub-division) and temporal dither (frame subdivision). 1 However, temporal dither requires fast operation and cannot be used in an image storage mode. A high level of spatial dither is costly, both in terms of the additional electronic drivers needed, and the reduced etching yield for the thin electrodes of the least significant digital bit.…”

On the biaxiality of smectic C and ferroelectric liquid crystals

“…The high biaxiality is then induced through the addition of S C forming high transverse dipole moment compounds, such as 4, 8 or 9 [51], together with a small amount of a long pitch chiral dopant to induce the ferroelectric spontaneous polarisation. Figure 25 shows an example ¼ HDTV image displayed on the Sharp / DRA panel of reference [31]. Despite achieving a 150 : 1 contrast ratio , a 15% brightness efficiency yielding 200 Cdm -2 , and the 60Hz frame rate from 0°C to 60°C, the display cost and yield were not competitive with the burgeoning TFT solution beginning to emerge at the end of the 1990s.…”

A 400‐dpi reflective storage ferroelectric liquid‐crystal display for highly readable, low‐power mobile display applications

“…In a low-power storage device the constraint on switching time is relaxed and it is more important to lower switching voltages for portable devices. For example, a UXGA display updated at 5 pages/sec would require a minimum line address time (LAT) of 167 µsec (as opposed to a 12-µsec LAT required for a video-rate HDTV FLC display 3 ).…”

“…The cells are then assembled and filled with the FLC mixture FDS71. 3 The lack of intrinsic gray scale is overcome by using error diffusion. There is a trade-off between resolution and gray scale, and the use of error diffusion 14 can dramatically reduce the number of gray levels required.…”