“…Actinotignum schaalii is typically present in the urogenital tract and has not been detected in stool [ 3 ]. It has been recognized as an emerging, opportunistic pathogen and co-agent of various, typically polymicrobial infections [ 1 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], easily overlooked due to its slow growth and capnophilic nature using routine culture techniques [ 1 , 9 , 10 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. A. schaalii has been identified in urine from patients with UTI or urosepsis, together with Gram-negative rods ( Citrobacter sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli , Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp.…”