16. Printing and Urban Islam in the Mediterranean World, 1890–1920

Cole, Juan

doi:10.7312/fawa11426-019

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Urbanization, expanding educational opportunities, and the belated introduction of print capitalism brought the simultaneous emergence of itinerant social classes and new idioms of contentious politics (Aydin 2007, Cole 2002, Gershoni and Jankowski 2002, 2009, Keddie 1983, Khuri-Makdisi 2010, Laffan 2003, Metcalf 2014, Ryzova 2014, Watenpaugh 2014. Against this backdrop, a recurring theme of the literature on early political Islam is that the first Islamist movements drew disproportionate support from the newly literate middle-classes (Ayoob 2009, Karpat 2001, Moaddel 2005, Robinson 1993).…”

Section: Demographic Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Social and Institutional Origins of Political Islam

Brooke

Ketchley

2018

Am Polit Sci Rev

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Under what conditions did the first Islamist movements organize? Which social and institutional contexts facilitated such mobilization? A sizable literature points to social and demographic changes, Western encroachment into Muslim societies, and the availability of state and economic infrastructure. To test these hypotheses, we match a listing of Muslim Brotherhood branches founded in interwar Egypt with contemporaneous census data on over 4,000 subdistricts. A multilevel analysis shows that Muslim Brotherhood branches were more likely in subdistricts connected to the railway and where literacy was higher. Branches were less likely in districts with large European populations, and where state administration was more extensive. Qualitative evidence also points to the railway as key to the movement's propagation. These findings challenge the orthodoxy that contact between Muslims and the West spurred the growth of organized political Islam, and instead highlight the critical role of economic and state infrastructure in patterning the early contexts of Islamist activism. Acknowledgements

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Section: Demographic Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Social and Institutional Origins of Political Islam

Brooke

Ketchley

2018

Am Polit Sci Rev

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“…Western ideas could be disseminated with the aid of new technologies of communication to port cities and centres of commerce; and these same technologies were simultaneously used by local urban religious reformists to disseminate religious printing, enabling cities like Delhi, Lahore and Cairo to become major centres of publishing of the Qur'an and orthodox religious texts. 54 Mark Frost has shown how imperial cities of the Indian Ocean became nodal points in an imperial network of exchanges and evolved as centres for cultural exchange and intellectual debate. In entrepôts like Bombay, Madras, Calcutta, Rangoon and Singapore, a non-European, western-educated bilingual professional class emerged, English being their lingua franca.…”

Section: Urban Historiography 3: Enlargement Of Geographical Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Nineteenth-century transnational urban history

Jørgensen

2016

Urban History

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this article is to take stock of nineteenth-century transnational urban history. After a short introduction to transnational history, general urban histories are analysed with respect to the ways in which transnational perspectives are incorporated into the narratives. Specific contributions to urban history in a transnational perspective are analysed. Approaches to urban planning history that focus on transnational linkages and international organization are discussed. Approaches to urban history within enlarged geographical scales that go beyond the nation-state framework, with a particular focus on cities as nodes in translocal networks, are analysed. The article concludes with a critical discussion of nineteenth-century transnational urban history.

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“…As Juan Cole has observed, printing had the potential to facilitate scripturalism in Islamic reform movements. 10 Given the short-lived nature of the Babi movement and the fierce persecution of it leadership, there appears to have been little attempt at printing the Bab's works during his lifetime.…”

Section: T R a N S N A T I O N A L B A H A ' I P R I N T C U L T U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Transnational Baha’i Print Culture: Community Formation and Religious Authority, 1890–1921*

Vejdani

2012

Journal of Religious History

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Persian and Arabic Baha'i publishing emerged during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries when printing was becoming increasingly widespread in Muslim societies. This article examines how Baha'is employed printing in community consolidation, scriptural canonization, and apologetic encounters. It first considers the role of Baha'i leadership in promoting and defining the parameters of print activities. It then discusses the transnational commercial, travel and pilgrimage routes facilitating the preparation and distribution of printed materials throughout India, Egypt, Palestine, Russian Turkistan and Iran. Specific attention will be paid to individual Baha'is as cultural middlemen across geographical boundaries.

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16. Printing and Urban Islam in the Mediterranean World, 1890–1920

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Social and Institutional Origins of Political Islam

Social and Institutional Origins of Political Islam

Nineteenth-century transnational urban history

Transnational Baha’i Print Culture: Community Formation and Religious Authority, 1890–1921*

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