15N tracers and microbial analyses reveal in situ N2O sources in contrasting water regimes of a drained peatland forest

Masta, Mohit; Espenberg, Mikk; KUUSEMETS, Laura; Pärn, Jaan; Thayamkottu, Sandeep; Sepp, Holar; Kirsimäe, Kalle; Sgouridis, Fotis; Kasak, Kuno; Soosaar, Kaido; Mander, Ülo

doi:10.1016/j.pedsph.2023.06.006

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…In the dual-isotope map, the isotope signature values of BN, AN, and FD are classified within the high-value group, while DD and ND are categorized within the low-value group. Currently, certain investigations have examined the microbial processes associated with N 2 O emissions by employing multiple methods such as stable isotope analysis, a functional gene abundance assessment, and the characterization of microbial communities [22,23]. These methods provide more information about N 2 O production and consumption and present possibilities for investigating the microbial processes occurring in a soilless substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Substitution of Sphagnum for Peat as a Culture Substrate Reduces N2O Emissions from Vegetable Production Systems

Liang,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Peat-based substrates have been widely used in greenhouse vegetable production (GVP). However, peat is a non-renewable resource, and there is a problem with N2O emissions when it is used in greenhouse vegetable production due to the application of large quantities of nutrient solutions. Sphagnum (SP) is a precursor substance and a renewable resource for peat formation, and it has good physical and chemical properties. However, there has been no study on the effect of using sphagnum to replace peat in greenhouse vegetable production on N2O emissions. Therefore, this study used a peat substrate as the control treatment (CK), with sphagnum replacing peat at 25% (25SP), 50% (50SP), 75% (75SP), and 100% (100SP) in six treatment groups. Moreover, lettuce was used as the experimental subject in potting experiments, and the physicochemical properties, N2O emissions, N2O isotope δ value, and N2O-related microbial activity and community structures were determined using different treatments. Compared with the CK treatment, the 25SP treatment significantly reduced N2O emissions by 55.35%, while the 75SP treatment significantly increased N2O emissions by 67.76%. The 25SP treatment reduced N2O to N2 to the highest extent and demonstrated the lowest contribution of fungal denitrification (FD) and bacterial nitrification (BN) processes, thereby resulting in lower N2O emissions. In contrast, NH4+ and NO3− were the main substrates for N2O emissions; the 75SP treatment had higher NH4+ and NO3− contents and a lower relative abundance of the nosZ gene, thereby resulting in higher N2O emissions. In addition, N2O production and reduction were dominated by bacterial denitrification for all treatments. Thus, this study analyzed the community composition of denitrifying bacterial genera and their association with physicochemical properties. The results indicated that the dominant denitrifying genus in the peat substrate was Rhodanobacter and that sphagnum replacement reduced the relative abundance of Rhodanobacter. The dominant genus was Massilia at 100% sphagnum replacement. More importantly, Rhodanobacter was correlated with C/N and electrical conductivity (EC), whereas Massilia was affected by NH4+ and the water-filled pore space (WFPS). Therefore, different denitrification-dominant genera were affected by different environmental factors, which indirectly affected N2O emission. In summary, the 25SP treatment was able to improve nitrogen use efficiency and had no significant effect on lettuce yield. Therefore, 25% sphagnum replacement is the most suitable percentage for peat replacement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Substitution of Sphagnum for Peat as a Culture Substrate Reduces N2O Emissions from Vegetable Production Systems

Liang,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Unraveling microbial processes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in rewetted peatlands by molecular biology

Gios,

Verbruggen,

Audet

et al. 2024

Biogeochemistry

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Restoration of drained peatlands through rewetting has recently emerged as a prevailing strategy to mitigate excessive greenhouse gas emissions and re-establish the vital carbon sequestration capacity of peatlands. Rewetting can help to restore vegetation communities and biodiversity, while still allowing for extensive agricultural management such as paludiculture. Belowground processes governing carbon fluxes and greenhouse gas dynamics are mediated by a complex network of microbial communities and processes. Our understanding of this complexity and its multi-factorial controls in rewetted peatlands is limited. Here, we summarize the research regarding the role of soil microbial communities and functions in driving carbon and nutrient cycling in rewetted peatlands including the use of molecular biology techniques in understanding biogeochemical processes linked to greenhouse gas fluxes. We emphasize that rapidly advancing molecular biology approaches, such as high-throughput sequencing, are powerful tools helping to elucidate the dynamics of key biogeochemical processes when combined with isotope tracing and greenhouse gas measuring techniques. Insights gained from the gathered studies can help inform efficient monitoring practices for rewetted peatlands and the development of climate-smart restoration and management strategies.

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Drainage induced carbon nitrogen loss and microbial community change were closely related and hard to be restored in subsurface peat

Zhong,

Chen,

Sun

et al. 2024

Applied Soil Ecology

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15N tracers and microbial analyses reveal in situ N2O sources in contrasting water regimes of a drained peatland forest

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

The Substitution of Sphagnum for Peat as a Culture Substrate Reduces N2O Emissions from Vegetable Production Systems

The Substitution of Sphagnum for Peat as a Culture Substrate Reduces N2O Emissions from Vegetable Production Systems

Unraveling microbial processes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in rewetted peatlands by molecular biology

Drainage induced carbon nitrogen loss and microbial community change were closely related and hard to be restored in subsurface peat

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