154 Prevalence and subtypes of dementia in Taiwan and Kinmen

Ethnic Differences in Singapore's Dementia Prevalence: The Stroke, Parkinson's Disease, Epilepsy, and Dementia in Singapore Study

“…The prevalence of dementia in the Malay subjects was lower than those seen in previous Singapore studies 5,6 . As for the Indians, apart from two previous works, 26,27 the dementia prevalence in the current study was much higher than that reported from rural Ballabgarh 11 but lower than what another local work found 6 . The notable difference from the Ballabgarh findings might reflect significant dissimilarities in the underlying survival patterns of the two study populations.…”

“…In summary, apart from a Taiwanese study, 11 the Chinese dementia prevalence seen in the current study was generally lower than those seen in China and Hong Kong 10,22–24 . As highlighted previously, 25 it is likely that methodological variations between studies (e.g., sampling patterns, specific tests used) explain such differences in prevalence (rather than different risk factor exposures).…”

“…The study's sample size requirement of 15,000 subjects was calculated primarily for reliably detecting stroke in the SPEEDS project 8 . For dementia prevalence, extrapolating from previous local 4,5 and relevant Asian 10–12 studies, the overall proportion among Singaporeans of the study age group was estimated to be 1%. The World Health Organization Epi‐Info program (version 6) indicated that with 15,000 subjects, the precision of the dementia prevalence rate may vary by a magnitude of approximately 0.15, and this was deemed acceptable.…”

Prevalence of dementia in rural China: impact of age, gender and education

“…A separate manuscript is in preparation. For our current study, we piloted a modified version of the CMMSE (mCMMSE) (1, 6). The CMMSE is a culturally adapted version of the MMSE (13) and has been tested in the Chinese population (1) and found to have excellent reliability and validity (1, 13, 14).…”

“…There have been several epidemiological surveys of dementia in Chinese populations conducted in Shanghai (1), Beijing (2), and Taiwan (3, 4) where the incidence and prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been ascertained. Comparing the studies on the prevalence of dementia in Chinese populations age 65 and above, fairly low rates were reported from Taiwan (1.7–3.7%) (5, 6) China (1.8%) (2), and Singapore (1.8–2.5%) (7, 8). In addition, the prevalence of advanced dementia for persons 65 years and older was lower (0.46–1.86%) in China than in western countries (1.3–6.2%) (1).…”