150-W Power-Over-Fiber Using Double-Clad Fibers

Abstract

This article presents simultaneous data and power transmission systems using a double-clad fiber (DCF). In future radio-over-fiber (RoF) networks, a large number of remote antenna units (RAUs) will be required to provide various kinds of mobile communication services. Power-over-fiber (PWoF), which delivers electrical power to drive the RAUs in optical fibers, is an attractive technique that offers cost-effective installation, operation, and maintenance of RAUs, and achieves the power savings across the entire RoF networks. In particular, the use of double-clad fibers (DCFs), which consist of a single-mode (SM) core and an inner cladding that surrounds the SM core, are useful for much higher power transmission than conventional PWoF techniques. Along the DCF link, optical data signals are transmitted into the SM core, whereas high-power feed light for optical powering is transmitted into the inner cladding, which has a core area that is approximately 240 times larger core area than that of conventional SM cores. In this article, we experimentally demonstrate a PWoF feed with up to 150-W of power using a 1-km DCF. To show the feasibility of the PWoF system, we investigate the bend performance and temperature characteristics of the DCF link. We also evaluate data and power transmission performance under the 150-W PWoF feed in the DCF link. Index Terms-Double-clad fibers (DCFs), mobile communications, optical power delivery, power-over-fiber (PWoF), radioover-fiber (RoF), remote antenna units (RAUs). I. INTRODUCTIONO PTICAL transmission systems are expected to play an important role in supporting multiple wired and wireless internet services in future communication networks [1], [2]. In particular, radio-over-fiber (RoF) is an essential technology for transmitting radio-frequency (RF) signals into fiber links between a central office (CO) and remote antenna units (RAUs), as well as for providing broadband mobile communications [3]- [5]. A reduction in the cell size of RAUs is required to

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“…Power delivery was also reduced with a transmission loss of 3.3 dB/km. The estimated losses in RAU due to transmission loss of DCF at the wavelength of 858 nm is 3.3 dB/km, and losses at PVC were 1 dB, 1.25 dB, 1.5 dB for TFBC, CPS, and TFBD, respectively [13]. The conventional Fig.…”

“…The outer clad effective area is 250 times larger than the SM core. The bidirectional RoF link with the PoF system powered by DCF is proposed in [12][13][14], which has only one bandwidth of data signal transmitted. The multichannel data signal transmission over DCF is proposed in [12] requires four LD for the generation of four channels of data.…”

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“…On the other hand, single-mode fibers (SMFs), which are frequently employed in conventional high-data-rate transmission systems, may not be suitable to transmit high-power light due to its small core diameter (typically from 8 to 10 m), which gives rise to critical damage to the fiber caused by the extremely high power density [ 40 ]. Other fiber types, such as double-clad fibers (DCFs) and multicore fibers (MCFs), have also been employed to enable simultaneous power and data transmission [ 41 , 47 , 48 ].…”

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“…In [203], Carmen Vázques et al proposed the integration of PoF to a fronthaul from a 5th Generation of Mobile Networks (5G) radio access network, by using multicore fiber and aiming to deliver power and data signals at Remote Antenna Units (RAUs). Another PoF technique using a double-clad fiber is demonstrated in [204]. The aforementioned technique has been employed in Radio Over Fiber (RoF) systems, with the purpose of feeding a large number of RAUs and providing data transmission.…”