14 MeV calibration of JET neutron detectors—phase 1: calibration and characterization of the neutron source

Batistoni, P.; Popovichev, S.; Čufar, Aljaž; Ghani, Z.; Giacomelli, L.; Jednoróg, S.; Klix, A.; Lilley, S.; Łaszyńska, E.; Loreti, S.; Packer, L.W.; Peacock, Alan T.; Pillon, M.; Price, R.; Rebaı̈, M.; Rigamonti, D.; Roberts, Neil; Tardocchi, M.; Thomas, David J.

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/aa98f6

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…This means that for the acceleration energy Efull 6 DT reaction source components are expected, i.e. T(d, n) 4 He at Efull (from D+), 1/2 Efull (from D2 + ), and 2/5 Efull (from D1T1 + ) and D(t, n) 4 He at Efull (from T + ), 1/2 Efull (from T2 + ), and 3/5 Efull (from D1T1 + ). In addition, 3 DD and 3 TT source components are expected but their contribution can be neglected due to low intensity.…”

Section: A Neutron Source Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high resolution measurement of the neutron spectrum around 14 MeV was performed among other experiments during the NG characterization campaign at National Physical Laboratory, UK [4]. First, the acceleration voltage of the ion accelerator was determined based on the neutron spectrum measurement.…”

Section: B High Resolution Measurement Of the Neutron Emission Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative intensity of all expected DT source components in the NG was determined by fitting individual detector responses for each of the components to the measurement ( Figure 3) [6]. The response function of the detector was applied to the calculated spectra for realistic fitting and the correlation of T(d, n) 4 He and D(t, n) 4 He were taken into account to decrease the amount of independent variables. The resulting relative intensities of neutron source components are presented in Table 1 together with neutron yields for different components expressed in neutrons being produced per ion from the beam.…”

Section: Combining Simulations and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Target uncertainty of the calibration factors was ±10 % meaning that accurate reproduction of the neutron source was essential. This was achieved through detailed modelling of the neutron emission properties and geometry while the validation of these models was performed through comparisons with measurements from the NG characterization [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detailed reproduction of the neutron emission from the compact DT neutron generator used as an in-situ 14 MeV calibration neutron source at JET

Čufar

Batistoni

Ghani³

et al. 2020

EPJ Web Conf.

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A compact DT neutron generator (NG) based on the mixed-beam operation was used as a calibration neutron source in the latest in-situ calibration of neutron detectors at the Joint European Torus (JET). In order to meet the requirement for the total uncertainty of the neutron detector calibration below ±10 %, the neutron emission properties had to be experimentally characterized and reproduced through detailed modelling of the neutron source characteristics and geometry of the neutron generator. The detailed neutronics simulations were an essential part of both NG characterization and JET neutron detector calibration. The complex neutron emission properties of the NG were reproduced through a combination of simulations and highresolution neutron spectroscopy measurements. This meant that six different DT neutron source components resulting from NG's mixed beam operation were explicitly simulated and their relative intensities scaled based on experimentally obtained neutron spectrum measurements. Furthermore, the detailed model of the NG's geometry was produced based on information from the supplier of the NG and images from a computer tomography (CT) scan. Finally, the positioning of the neutron source inside the JET tokamak during in-situ calibration was reproduced based on the information from the remote handling system (RHS) at JET, the system responsible for the positioning of the source during the calibration experiment. The extensive effort presented in the paper significantly contributed to the total uncertainties of the calibration factors well within the target value of ±10 %.

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Section: A Neutron Source Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B High Resolution Measurement Of the Neutron Emission Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combining Simulations and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Detailed reproduction of the neutron emission from the compact DT neutron generator used as an in-situ 14 MeV calibration neutron source at JET

Čufar

Batistoni

Ghani³

et al. 2020

EPJ Web Conf.

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show abstract

“…In their simplest form, neutron diagnostics can just be used as counters where the measured counts are proportional to the number of neutrons emitted by the plasma and therefore to the fusion power. The proportionality constant is determined via the absolute calibration of such neutron counters and depends on several parameters such as the counter's efficiency and its position with respect to the neutron source (the plasma) and the fusion reactor [3,4]. Neutron spectrometers are more sophisticated diagnostics in which the measured neutron energy spectrum is linked in a non-trivial way to the neutron source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Scintillators Neutron Response Function: A Tutorial

Cecconello

2019

J Fusion Energ

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This tutorial is devoted to the understanding of the different components that are present in the neutron light output pulse height distribution of liquid scintillators in fusion relevant energy ranges. The basic mechanisms for the generation of the scintillation light are briefly discussed. The different elastic collision processed between the incident neutrons and the hydrogen and carbon atoms are described in terms of probability density functions and the overall response function as their convolution. The results from this analytical approach is then compared with those obtained from simplified and full Monte Carlo simulations. Edge effect, finite energy resolution, light output and transport and competing physical processes between neutron and carbon and hydrogen atoms and their impact on the response functions are discussed. Although the analytical treatment here presented allows only for a qualitative comparison with full Monte Carlo simulations it enables an understanding of the main features present in the response function and therefore provides the ground for the interpretation of more complex response functions such those measured in fusion plasmas. Although the main part of this tutorial is focussed on the response function to mono-energetic 2.45 MeV neutrons a brief discussion is presented in case of broad neutron energy spectra and how these can be used to infer the underlying properties of fusion plasmas via the application of a forward modelling method.

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Dose rates and specific activities of Li2CO3 pellets and diamond detectors irradiated during TT and DTE2 campaigns at JET

Slavickas

Stankūnas

Tidikas

et al. 2021

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

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14 MeV calibration of JET neutron detectors—phase 1: calibration and characterization of the neutron source

Abstract: International Atomic Energy Agency a See the author list of [31].

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

Detailed reproduction of the neutron emission from the compact DT neutron generator used as an in-situ 14 MeV calibration neutron source at JET

Detailed reproduction of the neutron emission from the compact DT neutron generator used as an in-situ 14 MeV calibration neutron source at JET

Liquid Scintillators Neutron Response Function: A Tutorial

Dose rates and specific activities of Li2CO3 pellets and diamond detectors irradiated during TT and DTE2 campaigns at JET

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