14-3-3 Proteins Are Constituents of the Insoluble Glycoprotein Framework of the Chlamydomonas Cell Wall

Voigt, J.; Frank, Ronald

doi:10.1105/tpc.010611

Cited by 57 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Its HRGP constituents are, however, not yet characterized. Previous pulse-labeling and pulse-chase experiments and immunochemical studies indicated that the chaotrope-soluble cell wall fraction contains soluble precursors of the insoluble Chlamydomonas wall fraction (38,41,42). In this study, we provide evidence that the chaotrope-soluble HRGP GP2 is such a precursor of the insoluble glycoprotein framework of the Chlamydomonas cell wall.…”

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confidence: 50%

“…The 64-and 45-kDa components released from the insoluble cell wall fraction by chemical deglycosylation are not individual polypeptides as reported previously (38). Edman degradation of these particular constituents of the insoluble wall fraction revealed that their N-terminal amino acid sequences are rather heterogeneous (38).…”

Section: Characterization Of the Insoluble Cell Wall Fraction Of Cmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…It has been reported recently that a 14-3-3 protein is a minor constituent of the insoluble glycoprotein framework of the Chlamydomonas cell wall (38). This particular 14-3-3 isoform was also shown to preferentially interact with the endoplasmic reticulum membranes of C. reinhardtii (39,40).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Edman degradation of these particular constituents of the insoluble wall fraction revealed that their N-terminal amino acid sequences are rather heterogeneous (38). Mixtures of several amino acid residues are cleaved off during each round of Edman degradation (38).…”

Section: Characterization Of the Insoluble Cell Wall Fraction Of Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These overlapping pentadecapeptides were used to determine the epitope specificities of the different antibodies as described previously (38,49). After incubation with the antibody and extensive washing, bound rabbit IgG were measured by incubation with alkaline phosphatase-coupled goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody and subsequent detection of the indirectly bound alkaline phosphatase via its enzyme activity using 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate as a substrate in the presence of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide.…”

Section: Sds-page and Protein Gel Blotmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Chaotrope-soluble Glycoprotein GP2 Is a Precursor of the Insoluble Glycoprotein Framework of the Chlamydomonas Cell Wall

Voigt

Woestemeyer

Frank

2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The cell wall of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii consists of an insoluble, hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein framework and several chaotrope-soluble, hydroxyprolinecontaining glycoproteins. Up to now, there have been no data concerning the amino acid sequences of the hydroxyprolinecontaining polypeptides of the insoluble wall fraction. Matrixassisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight analyses of peptides released from the insoluble cell wall fraction by trypsin treatment revealed the presence of 14 peptide fragments that could be attributed to non-glycosylated domains of the chaotrope-soluble cell wall glycoprotein GP2. However, these peptides cover only 15% of the GP2 polypeptide backbone. Considerably more information concerning the presence of GP2 in the insoluble cell wall fraction was obtained by an immunochemical approach. For this purpose, 407 overlapping pentadecapeptides covering the whole known amino acid sequence of GP2 were chemically synthesized and probed with a polyclonal antibody raised against the deglycosylated, insoluble cell wall fraction. This particular antibody reacted with 297 of the 407 GP2-derived peptides. The peptides that were recognized by this antibody are distributed over the whole known GP2 sequence. The epitopes recognized by polyclonal antibodies raised against the 64-and 45-kDa constituents purified from the deglycosylation products of the insoluble cell wall fraction are also distributed over the whole GP2 backbone, although the corresponding antigens are considerably smaller than GP2. The significance of the latter results for the structure of the insoluble cell wall fraction is discussed.

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supporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Characterization Of the Insoluble Cell Wall Fraction Of Cmentioning

confidence: 65%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Characterization Of the Insoluble Cell Wall Fraction Of Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sds-page and Protein Gel Blotmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Chaotrope-soluble Glycoprotein GP2 Is a Precursor of the Insoluble Glycoprotein Framework of the Chlamydomonas Cell Wall

Voigt

Woestemeyer

Frank

2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Algal Cell Walls

Domozych¹

2011

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Algal cell walls are composed of a diverse array of fibrillar, matrix and crystalline polymers interacting with various ions and water. The diverse array of cell walls exhibited in the various algal groups is a manifestation of ancient evolutionary origins and ecological pressures of modern earth habitats. Cell walls often represent the dominant component of the extracellular matrix and represent the largest or a significant percentage of the photosynthetically fixed carbon of the algae. Walls are typically fibrous composites of microfibrillar polysaccharides embedded in matrix polysaccharides and proteoglycans. Scales and extracellular polymeric substances may also constitute the algal extracellular matrix. The production of the cell walls requires the highly coordinated interaction of several subcellular systems and is controlled by complex gene expression programmes. Modern technologies employed from immunology, molecular genetics, biochemistry and microscopy‐based imaging are transforming our understanding of the cell structure, functions and development. Key Concepts: Algae represent a diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotes with a wide range of cell wall types. New technologies derived from immunology, microscopy‐based imaging, molecular genetics and biochemistry are greatly enhancing our understanding of algal cell walls. Primitive green algae of the Prasinophyceae produce layers of multishaped scales. The Charophycean green algae produce cell walls containing polymers similar to land plants. The red algae possess complex composite cell walls made of cellulose, xylan or mannan fibrils and extensive matrix polysaccharides including the economically important carrageenan and agar. Diatoms produce highly sculpted frustules made of silica‐based composites and often produce extensive stalks and other extracellular polymeric substances. Brown algae produce cell walls containing cellulose, matrix polysaccharides and in some cases, phenolics.

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Algal Cell Walls

Domozych

2019

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Algae represent a diverse group of mostly photosynthetic eukaryotes that are profoundly important to Earth's ecosystems and human economy. These organisms possess a variety of extracellular matrix (ECM) components that are critical for multiple life functions. The most well‐studied ECMs are cell walls that are common to the green algae, red algae and brown algae. The typical cell wall consists of crystalline fibrillar polysaccharides (e.g. cellulose) that interact with a surrounding matrix of polysaccharides and proteoglycans. The matrix polysaccharides may be sulfated or acidic and some can complex various cations to form hard surfaces. Other distinct cell wall‐like coverings are found in algae including glycoprotein walls of volvocalean flagellates and silica‐complexed frustules of diatoms. Other noncell wall ECM types of algae include the amphiesma or dinoflagellates and the coccosphere of haptophytes. Key Concepts Algae possess a variety of extracellular matrices including cell walls. Most green, red and brown algae have cell walls consisting of a composite of a fibrillar polysaccharide framework associated with a polysaccharide/protein matrix. Unique cell walls are found in some algal groups including crystalline glycoprotein cell walls of volvocalean green algae and silica‐complexed cells walls of diatoms. Many algae do not have cell walls but have coverings made of complex scales and plates. The cell wall is synthesised and deposited externally through the coordinated action of the endomembrane and cytoskeletal systems.

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14-3-3 Proteins Are Constituents of the Insoluble Glycoprotein Framework of the Chlamydomonas Cell Wall

Cited by 57 publications

References 74 publications

The Chaotrope-soluble Glycoprotein GP2 Is a Precursor of the Insoluble Glycoprotein Framework of the Chlamydomonas Cell Wall

The Chaotrope-soluble Glycoprotein GP2 Is a Precursor of the Insoluble Glycoprotein Framework of the Chlamydomonas Cell Wall

Algal Cell Walls

Algal Cell Walls

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