14-3-3 isoforms and pattern formation during barley microspore embryogenesis

Maraschin, Simone de F.; Lamers, Gerda E. M.; Páter, Béla; Spaink, Herman P.; Wang, Mei

doi:10.1093/jxb/erg098

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The number of enlarged and non-enlarged microspores was estimated in a population of 300 cells in three independent experiments (n=3). The enlarged microspores were separated from the non-enlarged ones by a sucrose gradient (Maraschin et al 2003). The enlarged microspores were plated in medium I (Hoekstra et al 1992) at a density of 2·10 4 enlarged microspores per ml, and cultured for 7 days (Hoekstra et al 1993) for viability studies of multicellular structures (MCSs) or immobilized for time-lapse tracking.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After stress treatment, an average of 20-60% of the microspores appear as enlarged, highly vacuolated cells, an indication of embryogenic potential acquirement (Hoekstra et al 1992). However, only 7% of these enlarged microspores have been reported to develop into embryo-like structures (Maraschin et al 2003). In order to gain more information on the morphology of the enlarged cells that ultimately contribute to embryo formation during barley androgenesis following mannitol starvation treatment, ultrastructural studies and time-lapse tracking of isolated enlarged microspores immobilized in a thin layer of agarose were carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time-lapse tracking of barley androgenesis reveals position-determined cell death within pro-embryos

Maraschin

Vennik

Lamers

et al. 2004

Planta

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Following abiotic stress to induce barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) androgenesis, the development of 794 enlarged microspores in culture was monitored by time-lapse tracking. In total, 11% of the microspores tracked developed into embryo-like structures (type-I pathway), 36% formed multicellular structures (type-II pathway) and 53% of the microspores followed gametophytic divisions, accumulated starch and died in the first days of tracking (type-III pathway). Despite the microspore fate, enlarged microspores showed similar morphologies directly after stress treatment. Ultrastructural analysis, however, revealed two morphologically distinct cell types. Cells with a thin intine layer and an undifferentiated cytoplasm after stress treatment were associated with type-I and type-II pathways, whereas the presence of differentiated amyloplasts and a thick intine layer were associated with the type-III pathway. Tracking revealed that the first morphological change associated with embryogenic potential was a star-like morphology, which was a transitory stage between uninucleate vacuolated microspores after stress and the initiation of cell division. The difference between type-I and type-II pathways was observed during the time they displayed the star-like morphology. During the transition phase, embryo-like structures in the type-I pathway were always released out of the exine wall at the opposite side of the pollen germ pore, whereas in the type-II pathway multicellular structures were unable to break the exine and to release embryo-like structures. Moreover, by combining viability studies with cell tracking, we show that release of embryo-like structures was preceded by a decrease in viability of the cells positioned at the site of exine wall rupture. These cells were also positively stained by Sytox orange, a cell death indicator. Thereby, we demonstrate, for the first time, that a position-determined cell death process marks the transition from a multicellular structure into an embryo-like structure during barley androgenesis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-lapse tracking of barley androgenesis reveals position-determined cell death within pro-embryos

Maraschin

Vennik

Lamers

et al. 2004

Planta

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“…The core 14-3-3 function would not be altered in this scenario, and those 14-3-3s, although diverse in sequence, would be homogenous in function. In seeming support of this notion, there is clear evidence for cell-and tissue-specific expression of 14-3-3s in both animals and plants (Daugherty et al, 1996;Testerink et al, 1999;Qiu et al, 2000;Han et al, 2001;Philip et al, 2001;Subramanian et al, 2001;Aitken, 2002;Fulgosi et al, 2002;Maraschin et al, 2003;Alsterfjord et al, 2004;van Hemert et al, 2004;Qi et al, 2005;Wijngaard et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Isoform-specific Subcellular Localization among 14-3-3 Proteins inArabidopsisSeems to be Driven by Client Interactions

Paul

Sehnke

Ferl

2005

MBoC

101

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In most higher eukaryotes, the predominantly phosphoprotein-binding 14-3-3 proteins are the products of a multigene family, with many organisms having 10 or more family members. However, current models for 14-3-3/phosphopeptide interactions suggest that there is little specificity among 14-3-3s for diverse phosphopeptide clients. Therefore, the existence of sequence diversity among 14-3-3s within a single organism begs questions regarding the in vivo specificities of the interactions between the various 14-3-3s and their clients. Chief among those questions is, Do the different 14-3-3 isoforms interact with different clients within the same cell? Although the members of the Arabidopsis 14-3-3 family of proteins typically contain highly conserved regions of sequence, they also display distinctive variability with deep evolutionary roots. In the current study, a survey of several Arabidopsis 14-3-3/GFP fusions revealed that 14-3-3s demonstrate distinct and differential patterns of subcellular distribution, by using trichomes and stomate guard cells as in vivo experimental cellular contexts. The effects of client interaction on 14-3-3 localization were further analyzed by disrupting the partnering with peptide and chemical agents. Results indicate that 14-3-3 localization is both isoform specific and highly dependent upon interaction with cellular clients.

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“…Differentially expressed genes isolated from barley microspore cultures include nonspecific lipid transfer protein (ECLTP), glutathione S-transferase (ECGST), an unknown protein (ECA1), and 14-3-3 isoforms (Vrinten et al, 1999;Maraschin et al, 2003). A Cys-labeled metallothionein protein expressed from 6 h after embryo induction was identified in wheat microspore cultures (Reynolds and Crawford, 1996;Reynolds, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcript Profiling and Identification of Molecular Markers for Early Microspore Embryogenesis inBrassica napus

et al. 2007

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Isolated microspores of Brassica napus are developmentally programmed to form gametes; however, microspores can be reprogrammed through stress treatments to undergo appropriate divisions and form embryos. We are interested in the identification and isolation of factors and genes associated with the induction and establishment of embryogenesis in isolated microspores. Standard and normalized cDNA libraries, as well as subtractive cDNA libraries, were constructed from freshly isolated microspores (0 h) and microspores cultured for 3, 5, or 7 d under embryogenesis-inducing conditions. Library comparison tools were used to identify shifts in metabolism across this time course. Detailed expressed sequence tag analyses of 3 and 5 d cultures indicate that most sequences are related to pollen-specific genes. However, semiquantitative and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses at the initial stages of embryo induction also reveal expression of embryogenesis-related genes such as BABYBOOM1, LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1), and LEC2 as early as 2 to 3 d of microspore culture. Sequencing results suggest that embryogenesis is clearly established in a subset of the microspores by 7 d of culture and that this time point is optimal for isolation of embryo-specific expressed sequence tags such as ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3, ATS1, LEC1, LEC2, and FUSCA3. Following extensive polymerase chain reaction-based expression profiling, 16 genes were identified as unequivocal molecular markers for microspore embryogenesis in B. napus. These molecular marker genes also show expression during zygotic embryogenesis, underscoring the common developmental pathways that function in zygotic and gametic embryogenesis. The quantitative expression values of several of these molecular marker genes are shown to be predictive of embryogenic potential in B. napus cultivars (e

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14-3-3 isoforms and pattern formation during barley microspore embryogenesis

Cited by 33 publications

References 52 publications

Time-lapse tracking of barley androgenesis reveals position-determined cell death within pro-embryos

Time-lapse tracking of barley androgenesis reveals position-determined cell death within pro-embryos

Isoform-specific Subcellular Localization among 14-3-3 Proteins inArabidopsisSeems to be Driven by Client Interactions

Transcript Profiling and Identification of Molecular Markers for Early Microspore Embryogenesis inBrassica napus

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