13C Breath Tests: Visions and Realities

Klein, Peter

doi:10.1093/jn/131.5.1637s

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The literature has reported the successful differentiation between diseased and non-diseased groups by NBTs using 13 C-labeled substrates [1,2]. However, this is only a pre-condition for the successful implementation into clinical diagnostics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interpretation of non-invasive breath tests using 13C-labeled substrates - a preliminary report with 13C-methacetin

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Non-invasive breath tests can serve as valuable diagnostic tools in medicine as they can determine particular enzymatic and metabolic functions in vivo. However, methodological pitfalls have limited the actual clinical application of those tests till today. A major challenge of non-invasive breath tests has remained the provision of individually reliable test results. To overcome these limitations, a better understanding of breath kinetics during non-invasive breaths tests is essential. This analysis compares the breath recovery of a 13C-methacetin breath test with the actual serum kinetics of the substrate. It is shown, that breath and serum kinetics of the same test are significantly different over a period of 60 minutes. The recovery of the tracer 13CO2 in breath seems to be significantly delayed due to intermediate storage in the bicarbonate pool. This has to be taken into account for the application of non-invasive breath test protocols. Otherwise, breath tests might display bicarbonate kinetics despite the metabolic capacity of the particular target enzyme.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-invasive breath tests (NBT) with 13 C-labeled substrates have been applied for the assessment of specific enzymatic/metabolic functions and the diagnosis of particular diseases [1,2]. NBTs are based on in vivo metabolism of certain 13 C-labeled substrates into a product and 13 C-labeled carbon dioxide by a specific target enzyme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of non-invasive breath tests using 13C-labeled substrates - a preliminary report with 13C-methacetin

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These methods are often preferred due to no radioactive exposure or expensive imaging facility. 13 C‐labeled isotopic acid breath test is gaining special attention as a suitable method for measuring the gastric emptying of solids (Choe and others 2001; Klein 2001; Marciani and others 2001). This method involves introducing 13 C into one or more functional groups in a substrate.…”

Section: In Vitro and In Vivo Study Of Gastric Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disintegration of Solid Foods in Human Stomach

Kong

Singh

2008

Journal of Food Science

486

321

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Knowledge of the disintegration of solid foods in human stomach is essential to assess the bioavailability of nutrients in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. A comprehensive review of food gastric digestion, focusing on disintegration of solid foods, is presented. Most of the research reviewed in this paper is contained in the medical, pharmaceutical, food, and nutritional literature. Stomach physiology is briefly introduced, including composition and rheological properties of gastric contents, stomach wall motility in fed/fasted states, and hydrodynamic and mechanical forces that act on the ingested food. In vivo and in vitro methods used for studying food and drug digestion in GI are summarized. Stomach emptying rate, which controls the rate of absorption of nutrients, is highly related to the disintegration of foods. This topic is highlighted with focus on the important mechanisms and the influence of chemical and physical properties of foods. Future research in this area is identified to increase our fundamental understanding of the food digestion process in the stomach as related to the food composition, material properties such as texture and microstructure, and chemical characteristics. This information is necessary to develop new guidelines for seeking innovative processing methods to manufacture foods specifically targeted for health.

show abstract

“…It becomes clear that the hepatocyte might be affected, at least at the cytosolic, microsomal and mitochondrial level. Each of these hepatic compartment functions can be tested by non-invasive breath tests using specific carbon-labeled compounds (for reviews, see [8,9,10,11,12,13,14]). These compartment-specific substrates are primarily metabolized to CO 2 and include, for example, 13 C-α-ketoisocaproic acid (KICA), N -[4-Methoxyphenyl]acetamid ( 13 C-Methacetin, MC) and 13 C-phenylalanine for testing mitochondrial, microsomal and cytosolic compartments, respectively (e.g., [12]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ergot Alkaloids on Liver Function of Piglets as Evaluated by the 13C-Methacetin and 13C-α-Ketoisocaproic Acid Breath Test

Dänicke

Diers

2013

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ergot alkaloids (the sum of individual ergot alkaloids are termed as total alkaloids, TA) are produced by the fungus Claviceps purpurea, which infests cereal grains commonly used as feedstuffs. Ergot alkaloids potentially modulate microsomal and mitochondrial hepatic enzymes. Thus, the aim of the present experiment was to assess their effects on microsomal and mitochondrial liver function using the 13C-Methacetin (MC) and 13C-α-ketoisocaproic acid (KICA) breath test, respectively. Two ergot batches were mixed into piglet diets, resulting in 11 and 22 mg (Ergot 5-low and Ergot 5-high), 9 and 14 mg TA/kg (Ergot 15-low and Ergot 15-high) and compared to an ergot-free control group. Feed intake and live weight gain decreased significantly with the TA content (p < 0.001). Feeding the Ergot 5-high diet tended to decrease the 60-min-cumulative 13CO2 percentage of the dose recovery (cPDR60) by 26% and 28% in the MC and KICA breath test, respectively, compared to the control group (p = 0.065). Therefore, both microsomal and mitochondrial liver function was slightly affected by ergot alkaloids.

show abstract

13C Breath Tests: Visions and Realities

Cited by 32 publications

References 61 publications

Interpretation of non-invasive breath tests using 13C-labeled substrates - a preliminary report with 13C-methacetin

Interpretation of non-invasive breath tests using 13C-labeled substrates - a preliminary report with 13C-methacetin

Disintegration of Solid Foods in Human Stomach

Effects of Ergot Alkaloids on Liver Function of Piglets as Evaluated by the 13C-Methacetin and 13C-α-Ketoisocaproic Acid Breath Test

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About