137Cs and 40K in Cortinarius caperatus mushrooms (1996–2016) in Poland - Bioconcentration and estimated intake: 137Cs in Cortinarius spp. from the Northern Hemisphere from 1974 to 2016

Abstract

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210Po and 210Pb in King Bolete (Boletus edulis) and Related Mushroom Species: Estimated Effective Radiation Dose and Geospatial Distribution in Central and Eastern Europe

“…To obtain an insight into the 210 Po and 210 Pb distribution within the fruitbody, some mushroom samples were separated into cap and stipe during preparation (samples/pools id. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. For these, the results of 210 Po and 210 Pb activity concentrations in the whole specimens were calculated based on the activity concentration and biomass (caps and stipes) percentage share in the fruiting bodies (Table 1).…”

“…The value of Q C/S index > 1 (sometimes also called as distribution ratio, DR) shows that an element is preferentially accumulated in the caps [2][3][4][5][6][7]11,18,19]. The pattern of 210 Po and 210 Pb allocation in the morphological parts may change while ageing (maturing) [20], although mushrooms are generally not consumed when they reach this stage.…”

“…A key example is the contamination of wild mushrooms with artificial nuclides of radiocaesium ( 134/137 Cs) after nuclear cataclysms. These were the most commonly studied nuclides in mushrooms as documented and reviewed [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. 210 Po and its parent nuclide 210 Pb originate from the 238 U (uranium) decay chain.…”

137Cs, 40K, and K in raw and stir-fried mushrooms from the Boletaceae family from the Midu region in Yunnan, Southwest China

“…The lower limit of detection was at 0.10 Bq kg −1 dry biomass (db). The equipment was calibrated using a multi-isotope standard, and the method was fully validated (Falandysz et al 2019d ; Wang et al 2015 ). The reference material “Standard solution of gamma emitting isotopes, code BW/Z-62/27/07” produced at the IBJ-Świerk near Otwock in Poland was used for preparing reference samples for equipment calibration.…”

“…Susceptibility to nuclide uptake/bio-concentration typically occurs over a wider range of fungal species (Cocchi et al 2017 ; Falandysz et al 2019d ; Mietelski et al 2010 ; Zalewska et al 2016 ) and fruiting bodies both of the same or several species collected in the same season from the same forested area, usually shows a range of different 137 Cs activity concentrations. The variability in uptake/bio-concentration efficiency of 134 Cs/ 137 Cs between species and its activity concentration in fungal fruiting bodies is also a function of the stable caesium ( 133 Cs) status of the mushroom (Yoshida et al 2000 ), but this important aspect has been little studied so far.…”