131: The Effect of Pender's Health Promotion Model in Improving the Nutritional Behavior of Overweight and Obese Women

Abstract

Background and aimsChanges in lifestyle and eating habits have put women at risk of obesity and overweight more than ever. This aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM) to improve the nutritional behavior of overweight and obese women admitted to Fatemiyeh Hospital clinics in Hamadan, west Iran in 2015.MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, 108 eligible women were selected and randomly assigned to two groups: one experimental and one control. Data were gathered using three questionnaires: demographics, Pender's HPM constructs, and nutritional behavior. The questionnaires were filled out by both groups as pre-test and two months later. A Pender's HPM-based intervention was conducted on the experimental group. The data were analyzed by paired and independent t-tests, ANCOVA, and Spearmans' correlation coefficient in SPSS/16. The level of significance was considered to be <0.05.ResultsThe mean score of nutritional behavior was 41.75±3.28 and 42.36±3.69 before the intervention and 79.09±5.27 and 49.72±9.49 after the intervention in the experimental and control groups, respectively. The difference was significant only between before and after the intervention in the experimental group (P<0.001). Furthermore, the mean scores of the following variables were significantly different between before and after the intervention in the experimental group: nutritional behavior, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy, commitment to action, interpersonal and situational influences, affect related to behavior, and perceived barriers (P<0.001).ConclusionThe results showed that Pender's HPM-based training improved nutritional behavior and some constructs of the model. Therefore, this educative model can be used by healthcare providers to improve the nutritional and other health promoting behaviors.

Health Promotion Model: An Integrative Literature Review

“…Moreover, a significant difference among 80 health volunteers in Iran found between the mean scores of physical activity and other structures of HPM in the experimental group after the intervention and its score before intervention [19]. Nevertheless, an experimental study to investigate the effect of Pender's HPM in improving the nutritional behavior of 108 overweight and obese women visits hospital clinics in Iran, showed significant differences in the experimental group before and after the intervention in nutritional behavior, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy, commitment to action, interpersonal and situational influences, behavior-related affect, and perceived barriers [20].…”

“…Hospital clinics in Hamadan, Iran [20]. All these studies tested relationships among different variables of the HPM.…”

“…The samples were 278 pregnant women who were at the 24th week or more of gestation, aged between 15 and 49 years [12], 39 women who were older than 20 years [22], and 108 overweight women [20]. The last category is the studies that involved workers from different background.…”

“…Moreover, some studies explored perception of exercise benefits and barriers along with the factors associated with such perceptions among patients with ESRD [11], assessed the relationship between perceived exercise self-efficacy, benefits and barriers, and commitment to exercise planning [14], used HPM to describe and identify the predictors of health-promoting behaviors among migrant workers [13], and examined facilitators and barriers that migrant women identified related to breast self-examination, clinical breast examination, and mammography [22]. Furthermore, some studies assessed the effect of application of HPM on management of hypertension among adults [18], investigated the effect of HPM to improve the nutritional behavior of overweight and obese women [20], and examined relationships among health responsibility, resilience, neighborhood perception, social support, and health promoting behaviors in adolescents [21].…”

<p>Predictors of Health-Promoting Lifestyle in Pregnant Women Based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model</p>

“…7 Multiple behavior change theories and models have been proposed by researchers due to the complexity of behaviors and the challenges of creating, maintaining and improving health-promoting behaviors. 16 Some theories and models have identified the most important multi-faceted factors affecting a behavior and the relationship between these factors. 17 Pender's health promotion model is one of the comprehensive models used for accomplishing health-promoting behaviors 15 and has been recognized as a framework for explaining healthy lifestyle and health-promoting behaviors.…”