13. Mammalian Densities and Species Extinctions in Atlantic Forest Fragments: The Need for Population Management

Cullen, Laury; Bodmer, Richard E.; Padua, Claudio Valladares; Ballou, Jonathan D.

doi:10.7312/silv12782-013

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Fa et al (2003) documented the exploitation of wild meat in the world's tropical forests, noting that the sharing of meat between urban hunters was quite common as a means of socializing. Cullen et al (2004) observed the effects of hunting in tropical forest fragments in Brazil and found regular social interactions among local hunters. In a study of hunting in a rural settlement in the Mato Grosso Amazon, Brazil, Trinca and Ferrari (2006) found that it is quite common among local hunters to slaughter killed game animals and share the meat, especially for mammals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of game mammals as bushmeat In the Caatinga, northeast Brazil

Barboza¹,

Lopes²,

Souto³

et al. 2016

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Although the use of wild mammals as a source of food has been better studied in tropical forest environments, their importance as a source of protein for human communities in semiarid environments is little known. In the latter, the availability of wild animal meat is limited in comparison to other environments. In the semiarid regions of northeastern Brazil, hunting wild mammals for their meat is traditional, playing a crucial role in the livelihoods and food security of various rural and urban communities, especially during the annual drought seasons. In this study, we investigated the role of wild mammals as bushmeat in 10 communities within the Caatinga biome in northeast Brazil. We used key-informant interviews, household surveys, and questionnaires to determine the species hunted and consumed. We found that about 30 species were used for bushmeat, with communities clustering into two main groups. We showed that in almost all municipalities visited, all mammals hunted were reported after interview days. A total of 46.9% of hunters consumed bushmeat at least once a week. However, preference for bushmeat over livestock was perceived to be more a matter of taste (61.50% of respondents) than a real need for protein supplementation from the wild. The ease of entering environmental areas where wild mammals can be found has disadvantages for wildlife in terms of pressure and overexploitation, especially where it concerns endangered species. The key to understanding the socioeconomic, cultural, and ecological contexts in which there are traditional uses is to develop conservationist strategies suitable for the socioeconomic reality of human populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of game mammals as bushmeat In the Caatinga, northeast Brazil

Barboza¹,

Lopes²,

Souto³

et al. 2016

E&S

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“…Illegal hunting has recently driven several populations of large-bodied mammals to local extinction, creating a mosaic of different levels of defaunation in contiguous forests (Cullen Jr. et al, 2004;Keuroghlian et al, 2012;Jorge et al, 2013). The extirpation of white-lipped peccaries from tropical forests thus offers an opportunity to test for the presence of indirect effects in defaunated tropical landscapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Defaunation affects the populations and diets of rodents in Neotropical rainforests

Galetti

Guevara

Neves

et al. 2015

Biological Conservation

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a b s t r a c tMost tropical rainforests have been defaunated of large-bodied mammals and the cascading effects of such extirpations have been poorly studied, particularly on other animals. We used a natural experiment in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest to investigate the ecological responses of rodents to the functional extinction of a dominant terrestrial mammal, the white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari). We detected a 45% increase in the abundance and a decrease in diversity of rodents in defaunated forests. Two of these species (Akodon montensis and Oligoryzomys nigripes) are important hosts of Hantavirus, a lethal virus for humans. Stable isotope ratios (d 13 C and d 15 N) derived from the hair of rodents and peccaries and their food resources indicate that at least two rodent species shifted to a diet more similar to peccaries in the defaunated forest. Because most tropical rainforests are facing dramatic extirpation of large mammals, we can expect changes in the composition and structure of small mammal communities with potential consequences for human health even in non-fragmented landscapes.

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“…Many studies have shown that subsistence hunting has a strong impact on wildlife populations, often producing local extirpations (Robinson and Bennet 2000b;Bennet and Robinson 2000;Cullen et al 2004). Thus, when there is a tight and conflictive relationship between local people and wildlife, the challenge is to find a compromise between local people's needs and wildlife conservation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Wildlife in the life of local people of the semi-arid Argentine Chaco

Altrichter

2006

Biodivers Conserv

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The semi-arid Argentine Chaco is inhabited by mestizo people, who live on an economy of subsistence based on the use of natural resources and livestock ranching. I investigated the dietary and economic importance of wildlife for local people. Through interviews and participant observation, I found that wildlife is used primarily as food, providing about a third of the total meat consumed by local peasants. Local people use at least 26 species of wildlife although they concentrate on few species. Small species, Chacoan cavies and armadillos, are consumed most, representing 48% of the total wild meat consumed. Consumption of wild meat follows seasonal patterns determined by hunting methods, preferences for meat quality and species activity patterns. The consumptive value of wild meat is high in comparison with wages, but lower in comparison with forest exploitation. Illegal commercialization of wildlife is practiced mainly by villagers and by outsiders and it affects endangered species. Patterns of use of wildlife by local people differ from other Latin American groups in terms of the range of species hunted and the role that hunting plays in local people' livelihoods. The first steps towards conservation of this increasingly threatened region should involve decreasing hunting by local people of the more vulnerable species and controlling all illegal commercial hunting.

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13. Mammalian Densities and Species Extinctions in Atlantic Forest Fragments: The Need for Population Management

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

The role of game mammals as bushmeat In the Caatinga, northeast Brazil

The role of game mammals as bushmeat In the Caatinga, northeast Brazil

Defaunation affects the populations and diets of rodents in Neotropical rainforests

Wildlife in the life of local people of the semi-arid Argentine Chaco

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