120-W continuous-wave diode-pumped Tm:YAG laser

Lai, Kin Seng; Phua, P. B.; Wu, Rongbo; Lim, Yuan Liang; Lau, Ernest; Toh, S. W.; Toh, B. T.; Chng, Audrey

doi:10.1364/ol.25.001591

Cited by 84 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The pump laser was focused into the Tm:YAlO 3 crystal with a radius of 100 μm by a 1:0.5 focus lens. The Tm:YAlO 3 crystal used is a-cut and has dimensions of 3×3×5 mm 3 and an Tm 3+ -doping concentration of 5 at.%. The Tm:YAlO 3 crystal was wrapped in indium foil and placed in a water-cooled copper house, which was maintained at 17…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene oxide absorber for 2 µm passive mode-locking Tm:YAlO3 laser

et al. 2011

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For the first time of our knowledge, we demonstrate the graphene oxide as a saturable absorber (SA) in the passive mode-locking of a diode pumped Tm 3+ -doped laser. Broadly spectral region sub-10 ps mode-locking in a Tm:YAlO3 (Tm:YAP) laser near 2 µm were obtained. With a pump power of 8.64 W, the average output power of 268 mW with the maximum pulse energy of 3.7 nJ at the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 71.8 MHz was obtained.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene oxide absorber for 2 µm passive mode-locking Tm:YAlO3 laser

et al. 2011

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“…Laser operations based on several hosts such as YAG, YLF and vanadates (YVO 4 and GdVO 4 ) etc. were reported [4][5][6][7]. Furthermore, the search for better Tm-host crystals is still in progress and recent studies show promising results with YAP single crystals [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is noted that the laser performance changed slowly over the range from 5 • C to 15 • C and deteriorated quickly at higher temperature settings. Such quick deterioration of the laser performance at higher temperature settings is mainly due to the fact that the heat deposited in the laser crystal cannot be removed efficiently and 6 Oscilloscope trace of a Q-switched pulse with a FWHM of 120 ns at a repetition rate of 1 kHz and an absorbed pump power of 12.6 W it would result in an even higher working temperature of the crystal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room-temperature cw and pulsed operation of a diode-end-pumped Tm:YAP laser

Cai

Kong

et al. 2007

Appl. Phys. B

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We report the continuous-wave and acousto-optical Q-switched operation of a diode-end-pumped Tm:YAP laser. Continuous-wave output power of 3.5 W at 1.99 µm was obtained under the absorbed pump power of 14 W. Under Qswitched laser operation, the average output power increased from 1.57 W to 2.0 W, with an absorbed pump power of 12.6 W, as the repetition rate increased from 1 kHz to 10 kHz. The maximum Q-switched pulse energy was 1.57 mJ with a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The minimum pulse width was measured to be about 80 ns, corresponding to a peak power of 19.6 kW.PACS 42.55.Rz; 42.55.Xi; 42.60.Gd IntroductionSolid-state lasers working at the 2-µm waveband are of great interest because of several favorable characteristics. Owing to the strong absorption by liquid water, the 2-µm laser is an ideal light source for bio-medical applications. The 2-µm laser can also be used for range finding, coherent laser lidar and atmospheric sensing since it is in the eye-safe spectral range. In addition, high-power 2-µm lasers are preferable as pump sources for optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) and optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) in the mid-infrared region than 1-µm lasers since they provide higher quantum efficiency. Based on these considerations, solid-state lasers operating around the 2-µm waveband have been intensively investigated recently [1][2][3]. In order to obtain the 2-µm-waveband laser oscillation, the rare-earth-ion thulium (Tm 3+ ) and holmium (Ho 3+ ) doping materials, which work as quasi-three-level laser systems, are commonly used. However, due to the existence of reabsorption loss, the laser performance is sensitive to the change of temperature. For this, liquid-nitrogen cooling is often used to achieve a highefficiency laser output but this incurs great inconvenience in practical applications. In addition to the temperature of the laser system, the physical and chemical properties of the laser host can greatly affect the laser performance. Therefore, studu Fax: +86-571-87952437, E-mail: physyh@zju.edu.com ies of laser hosts for 2-µm lasers have also been intensively carried out. Laser operations based on several hosts such as YAG, YLF and vanadates (YVO 4 and GdVO 4 ) etc. were reported [4][5][6][7]. Furthermore, the search for better Tm-host crystals is still in progress and recent studies show promising results with YAP single crystals [8,9]. Laser emission from Tm:YAP crystal was first demonstrated with flash-lamp pumping [10] and then using Ti:sapphire laser pumping [11]. Currently, it has been demonstrated that diode pumping is the most efficient way for Tm:YAP laser pumping [12,13]. The Tm:YAP single crystal is attractive as active material for 2-µm lasers mainly due to its natural birefringence combined with good thermal and mechanical properties similar to those of the YAG crystal [8]. In addition, the emission cross section of thulium in the YAP crystal (5.5 × 10 −21 cm 2 ) is twice as high as that in the YAG crystal (2.2 × 10 −21 cm 2 ) [9]. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated tha...

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“…5. The output power of the laser is related to the incident pump power by (2) where the slope efficiency with respect to incident power is In (3) and (4), is the population density of the excited state manifold given by (5) and and are the integrated inversion densities (with respect to width and length , respectively), and are referenced to the Stark levels coupled by the pump and laser radiation as (6) (7) Here, is the lasing dopant density, is the terminal laser Stark level Boltzmann occupation factor, is the initial laser Stark level Boltzmann occupation factor, and is the initial pump Stark level Boltzmann occupation factor. Table I gives a list of the parameters used in (3) -(7).…”

Section: A Output Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…End-and side-pumped bulk Tm:YAG lasers have been reported at continuous-wave (CW) powers of using lens ducts [1] and parabolic concentrators [2] to achieve the required intense pumping density. Waveguide geometries have also been used for 2-m laser systems, both in planar [3] and fiber [4] format.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of high-power continuous-wave Tm:YAG side-pumped double-clad waveguide lasers

Mackenzie

Shepherd

et al. 2002

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-A plane-wave model accounting for cross-relaxation, upconversion, ground-state depletion, and gain saturation in continuous-wave laser systems is applied to side-pumped Tm:YAG double-clad planar waveguides. The temperature profile due to high-power pumping, and the delivery and absorption efficiencies of proximity-coupled diode bars, are also calculated. The theoretical performance is found to be a good fit to the experimental results, which show 15-W output at 2 m from 43 W of diode pump power. The output channels for the absorbed power are quantified, and it is shown that upconversion limits the gain and, hence, the size of the output coupling that can be used in such lasers. The same theory is then used to design a very compact waveguide laser capable of delivering 100 W of output power.

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120-W continuous-wave diode-pumped Tm:YAG laser

Cited by 84 publications

References 5 publications

Graphene oxide absorber for 2 µm passive mode-locking Tm:YAlO3 laser

Graphene oxide absorber for 2 µm passive mode-locking Tm:YAlO3 laser

Room-temperature cw and pulsed operation of a diode-end-pumped Tm:YAP laser

Modeling of high-power continuous-wave Tm:YAG side-pumped double-clad waveguide lasers

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