12 Model order reduction and digital twins

doi:10.1515/9783110499001-012

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The concept of Digital Twins was first developed by NASA and the term was first coined at the beginning of the 2000s by M. Grieves at the University of Michigan [42]. There are many different definitions of Digital Twins which can vary from industry to industry and are especially tied to the complexity and reliability requirements of the systems in place [43], [44]. In the context of power systems, it has been a growing topic of discussion, particularly in transmission and distribution systems [45], [46].…”

Section: Digital Twins For Operational Grid Integration Aspects Of Wi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements on Grid Compliance in Wind Power: Component & Subsystem Testing, Software-/Hardware-in-the-Loop, and Digital Twins

Gomes Guerreiro,

Martin,

Dreyer

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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The rapid expansion of wind power needs increased efforts in establishing rules for connecting wind power plants (WPPs) through grid codes and standards. This makes grid compliance testing and model validation more complex for wind turbine generator (WTG) manufacturers and WPP developers. This paper explores various challenges and solutions within the wind industry concerning grid compliance and the integration of large-scale WPPs. Traditionally, WTG original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) conduct grid compliance tests on full-scale prototype turbines, while WPP developers predominantly engage in studies for new WPPs based on offline EMT and RMS simulations. Up to this point, these approaches have sufficed to ensure grid compliance for WTGs and WPPs. However, as the wind sector progresses, new testing methods are required to meet the growing WT capacity, WPP complexity, and deployment pace, aiming to achieve society's sustainability targets. The industry is actively exploring methodologies that address these challenges by testing new turbine subsystems and components at the development level, employing software-/hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation for WTG/WPP interoperability assessment, and ensuring control and protection performance verification during design and operation. Additionally, digital twin approaches are being considered, encompassing the entire development and operation chain for grid compliance and connection aspects. Ultimately, this paper presents a fresh overview of these strategies, outlining definitions and the pros/cons for the stakeholders involved in the process.

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Section: Digital Twins For Operational Grid Integration Aspects Of Wi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements on Grid Compliance in Wind Power: Component & Subsystem Testing, Software-/Hardware-in-the-Loop, and Digital Twins

Gomes Guerreiro,

Martin,

Dreyer

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…• Digital Twin technology: Through the symbiosis of subsystem test rigs, full-scale prototype tests, HiL/Sil, historical data, high fidelity validated models, and experience through the application of novel machine learning algorithms and techniques, where such tools can be used during development and operation of the turbines [24,25].…”

Section: High-level Challenges Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New pathways to future grid compliance for wind power plants

Guerreiro

Martin

Yang

et al. 2022

21st Wind &Amp; Solar Integration Workshop (WIW 2022)

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Over the last decade, the rapid growth of wind power is driving an increase of efforts in defining the frameworks and rules for the connection of wind power plants (WPPs) through the grid codes and standards, making testing/validation more demanding and complex for wind turbine (WT) manufacturers and WPP developers. Traditionally, WT manufacturers carry out grid compliance tests at full-scale prototype turbines whereas WPP developers and Transmission System Operators (TSOs) mainly perform studies for new WPPs based on offline RMS and EMT simulations. Until now, these strategies have been sufficient for ensuring grid compliance of WTs and WPPs, however moving forward the wind sector needs new testing methods to meet the increasing WT capacity, WPP complexity, and deployment pace to achieve society's desired sustainability targets. In this paper, the emerging strategies that target these challenges are presented as: a) subsystems and component testing of WTs specified in IEC 61400-21-4; b) -hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) real time simulation for WT/WPP control and protection appraisals (future 61400-21-5). Finally, a future outlook is given on the importance of addressing model validation and how these strategies can be complemented with other modern analytical tools such as artificial intelligence/machine learning, data-driven dynamic modelling, digital twin technology, and software-in-the-loop (SiL) real time simulation.

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