115 fs pulses from Yb3+:KY(WO4)2 laser with low loss nanostructured saturable absorber

Kovalyov, A. A.; Преображенский, В. В.; Putyato, М. А.; Pchelyakov, O. P.; Рубцова, Н. Н.; Semyagin, B. R.; Kisel, V. É.; Kurilchik, S. V.; Кулешов, Н. В.

doi:10.1002/lapl.201110019

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Integrated on-chip amplifiers and lasers [1,2] find many applications in various fields, including telecommunications [3], datacom [4], biosensing [5,6] and LIDAR [7] amongst others. Potassium double tungstates (i.e., KY(WO 4 ) 2 , KGd(WO 4 ) 2 , in short KRE(WO 4 ) 2 ) -used for decades as active materials for high-power ultra-short pulsed lasers [8][9][10], thin-disk lasers [11,12] and Raman lasers [13][14][15] -have been recently demonstrated to deliver high gain per unit length in low-contrast waveguide amplifiers [16] and lasers [17][18][19], thanks to their high rare-earth ion solubility (together with a large interionic distance), high absorption and emission cross-sections when doped with rare-earth ions, and high achievable pump intensity in waveguide configuration. Even higher efficiency could be obtained by the fabrication of high-refractive index contrast waveguides in KY(WO 4 ) 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-depth structural analysis of swift heavy ion irradiation in KY(WO₄)₂ for the fabrication of planar optical waveguides

Frentrop¹,

Subbotin²,

Segerink³

et al. 2019

Opt. Mater. Express

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Rare-earth ion doped KY(WO 4) 2 is a well-known active laser crystal, due to its excellent gain characteristics and its relatively high nonlinear refractive index. As these properties are of great benefit to applications in integrated photonics, a study has been done into the fabrication of high refractive index contrast slab waveguides in KY(WO 4) 2 as a first step towards the fabrication of channel waveguides. When properly choosing the fluence and annealing parameters, ion irradiation with 12 MeV carbon ions produces a step-like damage profile. Confocal Raman microscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy are used in this work to study the structural damage induced by ion irradiation. The characterization indicates damage to the crystal structure due to the ion irradiation that increases as a function of both depth and ion fluence till the threshold for amorphization is achieved. Successive annealing steps of the irradiated crystals at different temperatures show partial repair of the crystalline structure when the irradiation did not fully amorphize the material. When the threshold of amorphization was reached, annealing further increases the damage induced by the irradiation. By tuning the irradiation fluence, a high-refractive index contrast slab waveguide in KY(WO 4) 2 produced by ion irradiation was demonstrated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-depth structural analysis of swift heavy ion irradiation in KY(WO₄)₂ for the fabrication of planar optical waveguides

Frentrop¹,

Subbotin²,

Segerink³

et al. 2019

Opt. Mater. Express

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“…Potassium double tungstate (i.e., KY(WO 4 ) 2 , KGd(WO 4 ) 2 , and KLu(WO 4 ) 2 ) was used for decades as an active material for Raman lasers [1,2,3] and, when doped with rare-earth ions, for high-power ultra-short pulsed lasers [4,5] and thin disk lasers [6,7]. The large interionic distance (⟨d⟩≈0.4 nm [8]) of KY(WO 4 ) 2 allows it to be doped with high concentrations of rare-earth ions [9,10,11], without experiencing quenching effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lapping and Polishing of Crystalline KY(WO4)2: Toward High Refractive Index Contrast Slab Waveguides

et al. 2019

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Rare-earth ion-doped potassium yttrium double tungstate, RE:KY(WO4)2, is a promising candidate for small, power-efficient, on-chip lasers and amplifiers. Thin KY(WO4)2-on-glass layers with thicknesses ranging between 0.9 and 1.6 μm are required to realize on-chip lasers based on high refractive index contrast waveguides operating between 1.55 and 3.00 µm. The crystalline nature of KY(WO4)2 makes the growth of thin, defect-free layers on amorphous glass substrates impossible. Heterogeneous integration is one of the promising approaches to achieve thin KY(WO4)2-on-glass layers. In this process, crystal samples, with a thickness of 1 mm, are bonded onto a glass substrate and thinned down with an extensive lapping and polishing procedure to the desired final thickness. In this study, a lapping and polishing process for KY(WO4)2 was developed toward the realization of integrated active optical devices in this material.

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“…This in turn allows for high doping concentrations without lifetime quenching [2]. Combined with the high absorption-and emission cross-sections [3] of rare earth ions doped into this host material, KY(WO 4 ) 2 shows great potential as a gain material for amplifiers and lasers [4]- [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedestal disk resonator in potassium yttrium double tungstate

Martinussen

Frentrop

Dijkstra

et al. 2018

Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies XXII

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Rare earth ion doped potassium double tungstates (e.g. KY(WO 4) 2 , KYb(WO 4) 2 , and KGd(WO 4) 2) have long been used as laser and amplifier materials thanks to the high achievable gain provided by the rare-earth ions. This family of host materials is also very attractive for nonlinear optics due to their high nonlinear refractive index and Raman gain. Very efficient on-chip solid state lasers, frequency combs, supercontinuum sources and Raman lasers could be realized if highrefractive index waveguides with the correct dispersion were developed. To date, the demonstrated integrated devices in rare-earth ion doped potassium double tungstates have shown very promising results, including high gain in on-chip amplifiers and high efficiency and output power in on-chip lasers. These devices, however, were fabricated using low refractive index contrast waveguides, which are not suitable for ring resonators or to achieve anomalous dispersion. High refractive index contrast KY(WO 4) 2 waveguides with high confinement are therefore needed as building blocks for active devices. In this work, pedestal disk resonators are proposed, based on a combination of swift ion irradiation, focused ion beam milling and a novel wet etching process. In-coupling of light into the first fabricated pedestal disks will be presented.

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115 fs pulses from Yb3+:KY(WO4)2 laser with low loss nanostructured saturable absorber

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

In-depth structural analysis of swift heavy ion irradiation in KY(WO₄)₂ for the fabrication of planar optical waveguides

In-depth structural analysis of swift heavy ion irradiation in KY(WO₄)₂ for the fabrication of planar optical waveguides

Lapping and Polishing of Crystalline KY(WO4)2: Toward High Refractive Index Contrast Slab Waveguides

Pedestal disk resonator in potassium yttrium double tungstate

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115 fs pulses from Yb3+:KY(WO4)2 laser with low loss nanostructured saturable absorber

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

In-depth structural analysis of swift heavy ion irradiation in KY(WO4)2 for the fabrication of planar optical waveguides

In-depth structural analysis of swift heavy ion irradiation in KY(WO4)2 for the fabrication of planar optical waveguides

Lapping and Polishing of Crystalline KY(WO4)2: Toward High Refractive Index Contrast Slab Waveguides

Pedestal disk resonator in potassium yttrium double tungstate

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In-depth structural analysis of swift heavy ion irradiation in KY(WO₄)₂ for the fabrication of planar optical waveguides

In-depth structural analysis of swift heavy ion irradiation in KY(WO₄)₂ for the fabrication of planar optical waveguides