113

Harari, Daniel; Abramovich, Renne; Kallweit, Nadine; Pouly, Sandrine; Zozulya-Weidenfeller, Alla; Smith, Paul A.; Schlapschy, Martin; Köster, Mario; Hauser, Hansjörg; Skerra, Arne; Schreiber, Gideon

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2013.06.116

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Remarkably, people infected with HIV have a substantially higher risk of some types of cancer compared with the general population, including Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, cervical cancer [ 50 ], and, to a lesser extent, cancers of the anus, liver, oral cavity/pharynx, and lung and Hodgkin lymphoma [ 51 ]. Similarly, patients with MS who have a suppressed type I IFN signaling and respond well to IFN therapy [ 126 , 127 ] are also at greater risk of developing cancer than the general population [ 128 ]. This increased risk is particularly apparent for prostate, breast, colorectal, and anal cancers, as well as cancers of the trachea, bronchus, and lung.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and the Multi-Hit Hypothesis of Oncogenesis

Valdes Angues,

Perea Bustos

2023

Cureus

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Cancer is a complex and dynamic disease. The “hallmarks of cancer” were proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg (2000) as a group of biological competencies that human cells attain as they progress from normalcy to neoplastic transformation. These competencies include self-sufficiency in proliferative signaling, insensitivity to growth-suppressive signals and immune surveillance, the ability to evade cell death, enabling replicative immortality, reprogramming energy metabolism, inducing angiogenesis, and activating tissue invasion and metastasis. Underlying these competencies are genome instability, which expedites their acquisition, and inflammation, which fosters their function(s). Additionally, cancer exhibits another dimension of complexity: a heterogeneous repertoire of infiltrating and resident host cells, secreted factors, and extracellular matrix, known as the tumor microenvironment, that through a dynamic and reciprocal relationship with cancer cells supports immortality, local invasion, and metastatic dissemination. This staggering intricacy calls for caution when advising all people with cancer (or a previous history of cancer) to receive the COVID-19 primary vaccine series plus additional booster doses. Moreover, because these patients were not included in the pivotal clinical trials, considerable uncertainty remains regarding vaccine efficacy, safety, and the risk of interactions with anticancer therapies, which could reduce the value and innocuity of either medical treatment. After reviewing the available literature, we are particularly concerned that certain COVID-19 vaccines may generate a pro-tumorigenic milieu (i.e., a specific environment that could lead to neoplastic transformation) that predisposes some (stable) oncologic patients and survivors to cancer progression, recurrence, and/or metastasis. This hypothesis is based on biological plausibility and fulfillment of the multi-hit hypothesis of oncogenesis (i.e., induction of lymphopenia and inflammation, downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression, activation of oncogenic cascades, sequestration of tumor suppressor proteins, dysregulation of the RNA-G quadruplex-protein binding system, alteration of type I interferon responses, unsilencing of retrotransposable elements, etc.) together with growing evidence and safety reports filed to Vaccine Adverse Effects Report System (VAERS) suggesting that some cancer patients experienced disease exacerbation or recurrence following COVID-19 vaccination. In light of the above and because some of these concerns (i.e., alteration of oncogenic pathways, promotion of inflammatory cascades, and dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system) also apply to cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, we encourage the scientific and medical community to urgently evaluate the impact of both COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination on cancer biology and tumor registries, adjusting public health recommendations accordingly.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and the Multi-Hit Hypothesis of Oncogenesis

Valdes Angues,

Perea Bustos

2023

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Remarkably, people infected with HIV have a substantially higher risk of some types of cancer compared with the general population including Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, cervical cancer (50) and, to a lesser extent, cancers of the anus, liver, oral cavity/pharynx, lung, and Hodgkin lymphoma (51). Similarly, patients with MS that have a suppressed type I IFN signaling and respond well to IFN-therapy (126,127) are also at greater risk of developing cancer than the general population (128). This increased risk is particularly apparent for prostate, breast, colorectal, and anal cancers, as well as cancers of the trachea, bronchus, and lung.…”

Section: Lymphopenia Is a Hallmark Of Both Severe Coronavirus Disease...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating Uncharted Waters: Could COVID-19 and/or Certain COVID-19 Vaccines Promote Malignancy?

Angues,

Bustos

2023

Preprint

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Cancer is a complex and dynamic disease. The "Hallmarks of Cancer" were proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg (2000) as a set of biological capabilities acquired by human cells as they make their way from normalcy to neoplastic transformation. These capabilities include self-sufficiency in proliferative signaling, insensitivity to growth-suppressive signals and immune surveillance, ability to evade cell death, enabling replicative immortality, reprogramming energy metabolism, inducing angiogenesis, and activating tissue invasion and metastasis. Underlying these capabilities are genome instability, which expedites their acquisition, and inflammation, which fosters their function/s. Additionally, cancer exhibits another dimension of complexity: a heterogeneous repertoire of infiltrating and resident host cells, secreted factors, and extracellular matrix, known as the tumor microenvironment, that through a dynamic and reciprocal relationship with cancer cells supports immortality, local invasion, and metastatic dissemination. This staggering intricacy calls for caution when advising all people with cancer (or a previous history of cancer) to receive the COVID-19 primary vaccine series plus additional booster doses. Moreover, because these patients were not included in the pivotal clinical trials, considerable uncertainty remains regarding vaccine efficacy, safety, and the risk of interactions with anticancer therapies, which could reduce the value and innocuity of either medical treatment. After reviewing the available literature, we are particularly concerned that COVID-19 vaccination may predispose some (stable) oncologic patients to cancer progression, recurrence and/or metastasis. This hypothesis is based on biological plausibility (i.e., induction of lymphopenia and inflammation; downregulation of ACE2 expression; activation of oncogenic cascades; sequestration of tumor suppressor proteins; dysregulation of the G4-RNA-protein binding system and type I IFN responses; unsilencing of LINE-1 retrotransposons) together with growing anecdotal evidence and reports filed to Vaccine Adverse Effects Report System (VAERS) suggesting that some cancer patients experienced disease exacerbation or recurrence following COVID-19 vaccination. In light of the above, and because some of these concerns also apply to cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, we encourage the scientific and medical community to urgently evaluate the impact of both COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination on cancer biology, adjusting public health recommendations accordingly. INTRODUCTIONA number of estimates and modelling studies highlight the millions of lives that COVID-19 vaccines might have saved globally (1-6). Yet, the COVID-19 crisis has negatively impacted the health and wellbeing of many people, particularly those living with cancer. Three years into the pandemic, healthcare authorities keep recommending that people with active and prior cancer get vaccinated against COVID-19 (7). Booster doses are encouraged (7,8) because vaccine effectiveness wanes...

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113

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and the Multi-Hit Hypothesis of Oncogenesis

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and the Multi-Hit Hypothesis of Oncogenesis

Navigating Uncharted Waters: Could COVID-19 and/or Certain COVID-19 Vaccines Promote Malignancy?

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