11. Participatory Approaches in Pearl Millet Breeding

Weltzien, Eva; Dhamotharan, Mogana; Anders, M M; Whitaker, R.M.L.; Rattunde, H. Frederick W.

doi:10.3362/9781780445854.011

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Professional plant breeders have experienced considerable difficulty developing viable MVs for marginal environments, perhaps in part because of an incomplete understanding of why farmers choose the varieties they grow Christinck, 2002;vom Brocke et al, 2003;Weltzien et al, 1998). One reason for this is the common assumption by breeders that MVs selected in more optimal environments will also out yield FVs in farmers' marginal environments, so that farmers' environments are not specifically targeted in breeding programs Cleveland, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Farmer Choice of Sorghum Varieties in Southern Mali

2006

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In southern Mali and throughout the semiarid tropics, small-scale family farmers are faced with the challenge of producing adequate harvests in difficult biophysical and socioeconomic environments. Professional plant breeders have had much difficulty developing modern varieties that outperform farmers' traditional varieties in these environments, in part because of an incomplete understanding of why farmers choose the varieties they grow. Improved understanding of farmers' varietal choices can contribute to collaboration between farmers and formal plant breeders. Based on a 15-month field study in Dissan, Mali, we examine farmer's choices among their traditional sorghum varieties in terms of one or more than one variety, and short-cycle or long-cycle varieties, and the interaction between these two choices. Results support our general hypothesis that farmers choose varieties to optimize outputs in the face of variation in the growing environment and in human managed inputs such as labor and tools.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Farmer Choice of Sorghum Varieties in Southern Mali

2006

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“…Third, uniform single‐cross hybrids are more vulnerable to stresses like drought and downy mildew caused by Scelerospora graminicola (Sacc.) J. Schroet, which bears a tremendous risk for WA subsistence farmers (van Oosterom et al, 1996; Weltzien et al, 1998; Haussmann et al, 2012). Haussmann et al (2012) highlighted the importance of dynamic (“individual buffering”) and static (“population buffering”) stability as defined by Becker and Leon (1988).…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of Combining Ability Patterns for Pearl Millet Hybrid Breeding in West Africa

et al. 2019

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Diets of West African (WA) smallholder farmers are built on pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]. Sustainable pearl millet hybrid breeding is challenging in WA, mostly due to an extensive genetic diversity combined with a high degree of admixture. In the absence of natural heterotic groups, understanding combining ability patterns can enable systematic development of heterotic groups and make sustainable hybrid breeding feasible. The objectives of this study were to evaluate heterosis and combining ability patterns and their relationship with genetic distance among WA pearl millets based on population hybrids, and to derive conclusions for future breeding programs. Therefore, 17 open‐pollinated varieties (OPVs) were crossed in a diallel mating design and tested together with their offspring in nine environments over 2 yr in Niger and Senegal. Genetic distances between the OPVs were evaluated with twenty microsatellite markers. Average panmictic better‐parent heterosis (PBPH) was 18% (1–47%) for panicle yield. A principal coordinate analysis based on genotyping results separated parental OPVs clearly by geographic origin. Although there was no relationship between genetic distance among OPVs and PBPH, we confirmed good combining ability among selected OPVs from Niger vs. Senegal. The identified cultivars (Nigerien CIVT, H80‐10Gr, and Taram and Senegalese Thialack 2 and Souna 3) with high combining ability are recommended for founding divergent heterotic pools targeting long‐panicle pearl millet hybrids. Our study shows the benefits of population hybrids and represents an important step to identify combining ability patterns and initial heterotic groups for WA pearl millet hybrid breeding.

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“…Possibilities for farmers' participation in selection are as diverse as the nature of selection itself (Ceccarelli and Grando, 2007;Dawson et al, 2008;Murphy et al, 2005;Weltzien et al, 1998), and crop varieties have been successfully released through different types of PVS programs (Ceccarelli and Grando, 2007;Joshi et al, 2001). For example, using a PVS approach to selection, two rice varieties (Machhapuchre-3 and Machhapuchhre-9) were released for commercial cultivation in the high-hills of the Western region of Nepal (Joshi et al, 2001).…”

Section: The Diversity Of Agro-environmental Conditions Among Wheatbamentioning

confidence: 98%

Participatory Varietal Selection of Wheat for Micro-Niches of Kathmandu Valley

Thapa

Mudwari

Basnet

et al. 2009

Journal of Sustainable Agriculture

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The diversity of agro-environmental conditions among wheatbased farming systems in the mountainous regions of Nepal may favor the development and production of multiple narrowly adapted varieties over a few broadly adapted varieties. Sixteen genotypes were tested using Participatory Varietal Selection (PVS) trials at farmers' fields in three districts in the Kathmandu Valley.Grain yield was the trait most preferred by farmers, followed by tillering, resistance to diseases, drought, and lodging. Farmer selection of optimal genotypes varied over time and location depending on agronomic and climatic pressures, indicating a preference by farmers for growing multiple, narrowly adapted varieties. Production potential of PVS genotypes averaged up to 142% greater than the most widely grown variety, RR21. With farmer participation in the selection process in different agroecological micro-niches of Nepal, both yield potential and yield stability of wheat should increase significantly, thereby providing farmers with the economic means to sustain the current smallscale agriculture suited to the mountainous terrain.

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11. Participatory Approaches in Pearl Millet Breeding

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Farmer Choice of Sorghum Varieties in Southern Mali

Farmer Choice of Sorghum Varieties in Southern Mali

Identification of Combining Ability Patterns for Pearl Millet Hybrid Breeding in West Africa

Participatory Varietal Selection of Wheat for Micro-Niches of Kathmandu Valley

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