11-MeV Proton Inelastic Scattering from Even-Even Medium-Weight Nuclei

Abstract

The analysis of inelastic scattering of 11-MeV protons from quadrupole and octupole collective levels of 14 even-even nuclei between 4 Ti and 60e is reported. The distorted-wave Born approximation is used to calculate the cross sections using the collective-model generalization of the optical model for inelastic scattering. The analysis is performed using both real and complex form factors for the model. A satisfactory description of all the data is obtained when a contribution due to compound-nucleus decay for most of the octupole levels and a few of the quadrupole levels is included.

Inelastic scattering of neutron-rich Ni and Zn isotopes off a proton target

“…For the the case of the Zn isotopes, the present measurements are below β 2 (EM). Previous measurements on stable Zn isotopes [66,70,72,74,75,[77][78][79][80][81][82][83] show similar values of β 2 (EM) and β 2 (p,p ) for 68,70 Zn and hint at a small increase on β 2 (p,p ) for 64,66 Zn.…”

“…For the case of the Ni isotopic chain, the reduced transition probability, B(E2)↑ = B(E2; 0 + gs → 2 + 1 ), measured between N = 28 and N = 40, shows a parabolic trend which indicates a subshell closure at N = 40 [26]. A measurement of the B(E2)↑ value of 70 Ni reported an enhanced collectivity for N = 42 [27]. This was claimed to indicate a possible weakening of the Z = 28 gap towards 78 Ni.…”

“…The increased matter deformation compared to the charge deformation is consistent with the results obtained from previous measurements in lighter Ni isotopes, as shown by the purple points in the figure. These points represent the average of different available results [56,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] with the error bar calculated as the standard deviation of the measurements added in quadrature with the error of individual measurements, when reported.…”

Local Homology and Cohomology, Homology Dimension and Generalized Manifolds

“…The corresponding neutron value from the VIBM is δ nn 2 = 0.924(±10%) fm. δ pp 2 values resulting from (p, p ) studies reported in the literature [4][5][6]8] scatter between ≈ 0.82 and 1.2 fm. Clearly, δ nn 2 < δ em 2 .…”

“…Thus elemental titanium is reasonably represented by an even-even f 7/2 collective nucleus with a yrast 2 + level at approximately one MeV. The even titanium isotopes are in a region where the yrast 2 + levels are classic vibrators [3], and charged-particle studies indicate a strong quadrupole vibrational interaction [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In addition, octupole states have been reported above excitations of ≈ 3 MeV.…”