11-Ketotestosterone Stimulates Putative Sex Pheromone Production in the Male Peacock Blenny, Salaria pavo (Risso 1810)1

Serrano, Rui M.; Lopes, Orlando; Hubbard, Peter C.; Araújo, J.; Canário, Adelino V. M.; Barata, Eduardo N.

doi:10.1095/biolreprod.108.069914

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…If, as proposed by the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis (ICHH), testosterone is responsible for the production of male secondary sexual traits but is simultaneously detrimental for immune function, only high-quality males could afford to display sexual characteristics fully without suffering large parasite loads (Folstad & Karter 1992; for a review see Roberts, Buchanan & Evans 2004). The development of peacock blenny sexual traits is known to be stimulated by the main fish androgen, 11-ketotestosterone (head crest: Oliveira et al 2001; testicular glands, blind pouches and anal glands: Serrano et al 2008c). Information on the relationship between androgens and immunocompetence in fish are ambiguous.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When fathers make the difference: efficacy of male sexually selected antimicrobial glands in enhancing fish hatching success

Pizzolon¹,

Giacomello²,

Marri³

et al. 2010

Functional Ecology

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Summary1. Egg and offspring resistance to pathogens is a major determinant of survival and has been mainly ascribed to maternal factors. However, paternal production of antimicrobials was recently suggested to increase offspring survival in species where males perform egg care. 2. In the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo, a demersal spawning species where males exhibit a pair of anal glands producing lysozyme-like compounds, we tested the antimicrobial activity and the egg protection efficacy of these glands. The anal gland secretion (AGS) has an inhibitory effect on the growth of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including those causing the most severe fish diseases in marine culture. The egg clutches cared for by males deprived of anal glands have a significantly lower survival rate than those cared for by sham-operated males and non-viable eggs showed clear signs of bacterial infection. 3. Anal gland secretion production and its protein content are proportional to gland size. In species where male parental care plays a crucial role in offspring survival, females are expected to assess mates selecting those traits that are reliably associated with parental ability. Hence, we experimentally challenged females with dummy males differing in anal gland size. Females definitely preferred dummy males with larger anal glands, suggesting that their choice is driven by the pursuit of direct fecundity benefits. 4. These findings indicate that antimicrobial production is a crucial component of male parental care. The contribution of antimicrobials to male performance as fathers suggests that the development of traits devoted to this function may influence male attractiveness and be sexually selected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When fathers make the difference: efficacy of male sexually selected antimicrobial glands in enhancing fish hatching success

Pizzolon¹,

Giacomello²,

Marri³

et al. 2010

Functional Ecology

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“…While the brain‐imaging techniques described will help us pinpoint what areas or brain centres are involved in modulating helping behaviour, these techniques do not allow for manipulation of behaviour. To do so, it may be possible to alter helping levels without manipulating helper number by applying hormones (estradiol, testosterone), neuropeptides (isotocin or prolactin) or blockers of these chemical signals (Kobayashi, Aida & Stacey, 1991; Oliveira et al , 2001; Yamaguchi et al , 2004; Serrano et al , 2008; Ziegler et al , 2009). Such neuro‐endocrinological manipulations have the potential to provide a large step forward towards achieving a comprehensive understanding of social evolution.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of cooperative breeding in the African cichlid fish, Neolamprologus pulcher

2010

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The conundrum of why subordinate individuals assist dominants at the expense of their own direct reproduction has received much theoretical and empirical attention over the last 50 years. During this time, birds and mammals have taken centre stage as model vertebrate systems for exploring why helpers help. However, fish have great potential for enhancing our understanding of the generality and adaptiveness of helping behaviour because of the ease with which they can be experimentally manipulated under controlled laboratory and field conditions. In particular, the freshwater African cichlid, Neolamprologus pulcher, has emerged as a promising model species for investigating the evolution of cooperative breeding, with 64 papers published on this species over the past 27 years. Here we clarify current knowledge pertaining to the costs and benefits of helping in N. pulcher by critically assessing the existing empirical evidence. We then provide a comprehensive examination of the evidence pertaining to four key hypotheses for why helpers might help: (1) kin selection; (2) pay-to-stay; (3) signals of prestige; and (4) group augmentation. For each hypothesis, we outline the underlying theory, address the appropriateness of N. pulcher as a model species and describe the key predictions and associated empirical tests. For N. pulcher, we demonstrate that the kin selection and group augmentation hypotheses have received partial support. One of the key predictions of the pay-to-stay hypothesis has failed to receive any support despite numerous laboratory and field studies; thus as it stands, the evidence for this hypothesis is weak. There have been no empirical investigations addressing the key predictions of the signals of prestige hypothesis. By outlining the key predictions of the various hypotheses, and highlighting how many of these remain to be tested explicitly, our review can be regarded as a roadmap in which potential paths for future empirical research into the evolution of cooperative breeding are proposed. Overall, we clarify what is currently known about cooperative breeding in N. pulcher, address discrepancies among studies, caution against incorrect inferences that have been drawn over the years and suggest promising avenues for future research in fishes and other taxonomic groups.

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“…In other amphibians secretion of sodefrin is centrally regulated by a neurohypophyseal hormone, arginine vasotocin (AVT) (Rajchard, 2005). In the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo, also pheromones seem to be regulated by the androgen 11-ketotestosterone (KT) (Serrano et al, 2008).…”

Section: Recruitment Of Sex Pheromones In Salamandersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural control of gene recruitment in metazoans

Cabej¹

2010

Developmental Dynamics

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Gene recruitment played a critical role in metazoan evolution. Yet, there is no consensus on whether it is an accidental event or a result of an inherent “gene recruiting” mechanism. The prevailing opinion among biologists is that gene recruitment results from random changes in genes or their regulatory regions, but the supporting evidence is poor and controversial. Herein, I present a mechanism in which gene recruitment is a neurally determined event, an adaptive response to changes in environmental conditions. In support of the hypothesis, I present evidence on the manipulative expression of genes in the central nervous system, as well as neurally determined examples of gene recruitment in transgenerational developmental plasticity and in evolution of metazoans Developmental Dynamics 240:1–8, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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11-Ketotestosterone Stimulates Putative Sex Pheromone Production in the Male Peacock Blenny, Salaria pavo (Risso 1810)1

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

When fathers make the difference: efficacy of male sexually selected antimicrobial glands in enhancing fish hatching success

When fathers make the difference: efficacy of male sexually selected antimicrobial glands in enhancing fish hatching success

The evolution of cooperative breeding in the African cichlid fish, Neolamprologus pulcher

Neural control of gene recruitment in metazoans

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