11<i>β</i>-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 2 in Preeclampsia

Kosicka, Katarzyna; Siemiątkowska, Anna; Główka, Franciszek

doi:10.1155/2016/5279462

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…There are many studies evaluating 11β-HSD 2 activity and the level of cortisol in different disease entities accompanying pregnancy, for example, pre-eclampsia or foetal hypotrophy [26,27], and taking into account the influence of stress or anxiety [28] but only a few of them concern physiological pregnancies and the mode of delivery. Many authors emphasize that both the mode of delivery and the type of anaesthesia administered are associated with the foetal hormonal stress response [29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Caesarean Section Impact on 11β HSD2 and Fetal Cortisol?

Słabuszewska-Jóźwiak

Włodarczyk

Kilian

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Purpose: Comparison of the activity of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in the placenta and the umbilical cord blood cortisol level between caesarean sections with or without uterine contraction and vaginal delivery groups. Cortisol is the main stress hormone responsible for the normal adaptation of the neonate to extrauterine life. The disorders resulting from a dysfunction of the 11β-HSD 2–cortisol system can explain the higher risk of developing diseases in children born by caesarean section. Methods: 111 healthy, pregnant women in singular pregnancy at term of delivery were included into the study. The study comprised 11β-HSD 2 in placental tissue from 49 pregnant women delivering by elective caesarean section and 46 pregnant women delivering by vagina. In 16 cases of the elective caesarean section, regular uterine contractions were declared. Cortisol level was estimated in umbilical cord blood directly after delivery. Results: We found no statistically significant differences in the activity of 11β-HSD 2 in placentas delivered via caesarean sections (29.61 on average in elective caesarean sections and 26.65 on average in intrapartum caesarean sections) compared to vaginal deliveries (31.94 on average, p = 0.381), while umbilical cord blood cortisol in the elective caesarean sections group was significantly lower (29.86 on average) compared to the vaginal deliveries (55.50 on average, p < 0.001) and intrapartum caesarean sections (52.27 on average, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The model of placental 11β-HSD 2 activity and umbilical cord blood cortisol concentration seems to be significant in conditions of stress associated with natural uterine contractions in labour.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Caesarean Section Impact on 11β HSD2 and Fetal Cortisol?

Słabuszewska-Jóźwiak

Włodarczyk

Kilian

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Association between SGA/IUGR and PE and the disturbed activity and/or expression of placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) has been established 7–12 . The enzyme protects the fetus from the high concentration of maternal cortisol (F) due to inactivation of F into cortisone (E) 13 . We have previously reported 14,15 the increased apparent activity of renal 11β-HSD2 in women with gestational hypertension and PE – conditions which are often complicated by the SGA neonates 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol metabolism in pregnancies with small for gestational age neonates

Siemiątkowska

Kosicka

Szpera-Goździewicz

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Small for gestational age (SGA) newborns are often born from hypertensive pregnancies. This study aimed to compare the systemic metabolism of cortisol (F) in pregnancies with SGA and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants, considering both the normotensive (NT) and hypertensive patients. We hypothesized that the disturbances in systemic metabolism of F in pre-eclampsia (PE) might be attributed not to hypertension only, but to SGA. The study included 117 pregnants in the third trimester, divided into groups: NT pregnancy and SGA neonate (SGA-NT); NT pregnancy and AGA neonate (AGA-NT; controls), and respective groups with PE: SGA-PE and AGA-PE. We assessed the glucocorticoid balance with the function of enzymes involved in systemic metabolism of F: 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and 2 (11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2), 5α- and 5β-reductase. The enzymes’ functions were estimated with the levels of F, cortisone (E), and their metabolites in plasma or urine, which we measured with HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MS/MS. The plasma F/E and urinary free F/E (UFF/UFE) ratios correlated significantly only in patients with the normal function of 5α- and 5β-reductase. The increased function of 11β-HSD2 was noted in all pre-eclamptic pregnancies. Increased function of 5α- and 5β-reductase was specific only for SGA-PE pregnancies, and the function of 5α-reductase was dependent on fetal sex. The SGA-NT pregnancies with male fetuses trended towards the higher function of renal 11β-HSD2 and 5β-reductase; SGA-NT pregnancies with female fetuses lacked any systemic glucocorticoid imbalance. In conclusion, systemic metabolism of F is the most intensive in pre-eclamptic pregnancies complicated by SGA with female fetuses. Our study supports the hypothesis about the different origins of PE and idiopathic intrauterine growth restriction and suggests the sex-specific mechanisms responsible for fetal growth restriction.

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“…Lately, more and more is discussed the improper metabolism of glucocorticoids (GCs) in pregnancies with adverse outcomes [ 6 , 7 ]. F is metabolized mainly by the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD), of which two isoforms (type 1 and type 2) have been described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11β-HSD2 inactivates F to cortisone (E) and is localized mainly in the kidneys and the placenta, while 11β-HSD1 regenerates E to F in the liver and the fat tissue. Both F and E are then catabolized by 5α- and 5β-reductase in the liver and converted into tetrahydro- and allo-tetrahydrometabolites [ 8 , 9 ].The disturbed activity of placental 11β-HSD2 in the course of PE was emphasized in last years [ 6 ]. It has not been yet discovered whether the abnormal function of 11β-HSD2 occurs in PE only locally (in the placenta) or it affects the whole body of a pregnant patient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased cortisol metabolism in women with pregnancy-related hypertension

et al. 2018

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PurposeThe diminished function of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11β-HSD2) was found in placentae from preeclamptic pregnancies. Here, we examine the overall maternal glucocorticoid balance in pregnancy-related hypertension. We aim to answer the question if the functions of primary enzymes involved in cortisol metabolism: 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 and 5-reductases (both 5α- and 5β) are altered in the course of hypertensive pregnancy.MethodsWe determined plasma and urinary cortisol and cortisone as well as their urinary tetrahydro- and allo-tetrahydrometabolites, both in free and conjugated forms in samples obtained from 181 Polish women in the third trimester of pregnancy. We compared steroid profiles in women with preeclampsia (PE), gestational hypertension (GH), chronic hypertension (CH) and in normotensives (controls).ResultsWe found significant differences in glucocorticoid balance in pregnancy-related hypertension. Plasma cortisol to cortisone was significantly lower in PE than in controls (3.00 vs. 4.79; p < 0.001). Increased function of renal 11β-HSD2 in PE and GH was manifested by significantly lower urinary free cortisol to cortisone ratio (0.169 and 0.206 vs. 0.277 in controls; p < 0.005). Markedly enhanced metabolism of cortisol was observed in pregnancy-related hypertension, with no significant alterations in CH, and the changes were more clearly expressed in PE than in GH.ConclusionsThe glucocorticoid balance in PE and GH is shifted towards decreasing cortisol concentration either due to intensified conversion to cortisone or enhanced production of tetrahydro and allo-tetrahydrometabolites.

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11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 2 in Preeclampsia

Cited by 13 publications

References 79 publications

Does the Caesarean Section Impact on 11β HSD2 and Fetal Cortisol?

Does the Caesarean Section Impact on 11β HSD2 and Fetal Cortisol?

Cortisol metabolism in pregnancies with small for gestational age neonates

Increased cortisol metabolism in women with pregnancy-related hypertension

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