10th Anniversary Review: Natural disasters and their long-term impacts on the health of communities

Cook, Angus; Watson, Jill; Buynder, Paul Van; Robertson, Andrew; Weinstein, Philip

doi:10.1039/b713256p

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…The environmental variables used to estimate the distribution of Leptospira were selected based on the described requirements of the bacterium, including survival in specific landscapes with suitable temperature and humidity and presence of livestock (Wint & Robinson, ). To reconstruct the landscape structure, we used Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a satellite‐derived variable resembling vegetation phenology and primary productivity commonly used in ENM (Cook, Watson, Buynder, Robertson, & Weinstein, ; Fajriyah et al, ). We also used annual mean temperature, precipitation, run‐off (index that quantify the amount of water discharged in surface streams) and wetness index (defined as a steady‐state wetness index), since higher incidences of leptospirosis are related to warmer temperatures (Chadsuthi et al, ; Desvars et al, ; Lau et al, ) and humid environments (Barcellos & Sabroza, ; Desvars et al, ; Ivanova et al, ; Pappachan, Sheela, & Aravindan, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution and spread potential of sixteenLeptospiraserovars in a subtropical region of Brazil

Jara

Escobar

Rodriges³

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that represents a major problem in animal and public health due to its high prevalence and widespread distribution. This zoonotic disease is most prevalent in tropical environments where conditions favour pathogen survival. The ecological preferences of Leptospira serovars are poorly understood, limiting our knowledge of where and when outbreaks can occur, which may result in misinformed prevention and control plans. While the disease can occur consistently in time and space in tropical regions, research on the ecology of leptospirosis remains limited in subtropical regions. This research gap regarding Leptospira ecology brings public and veterinary health problems, impacting local economies. To fill this gap of knowledge, we suggest to assess geographic and ecological features among Leptospira serovars in a subtropical area of Brazil where leptospirosis is endemic to (a) highlight environmental conditions that facilitate or limit Leptospira spread and survival and (b) reconstruct its geographic distribution. An ecological niche modelling framework was used to characterize and compare Leptospira serovars in both geographic and environmental space. Our results show that despite the geographic overlap exhibited by the different serovars assessed, we found ecological divergence among their occupied ecological niches. Ecological divergences were expressed as ranges of potential distributions and environmental conditions found suitably by serovar, Sejroe being the most asymmetric (<0.15). Most important predictors for the potential distribution of most serovars were soil pH (31.7%) and landscape temperature (24.2%). Identification of environmental preferences will allow epidemiologists to better infer the presence of a serovar based on the environmental characteristics of regions rather than inferences based solely on historical epidemiological records. Including geographic and ecological ranges of serovars also may help to forecast transmission potential of Leptospira in public health and the food animal practice.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution and spread potential of sixteenLeptospiraserovars in a subtropical region of Brazil

Jara

Escobar

Rodriges³

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Neria et al 2008), depression and anxiety. People may also feel isolated and their economic productivity may be compromised (Cook et al 2007). It is argued that such psychological effects can hinder quick recovery from hazardous events and also reduce people's ability to mobilise and to enact their knowledge on how to behave in emergencies and times of crisis (e.g.…”

Section: Emotional/mental Capacitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking social capacities and risk communication in Europe: a gap between theory and practice?

et al. 2012

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Although both improved risk communication and the building of social capacities have been advocated as vital ways to increase societies' resilience towards natural hazards across the world, the literature has rarely examined the ways in which these two concepts may integrate in theory and practice. This paper is an attempt to address this gap in a European context. It begins with a conceptual discussion that unites the literature on risk communication with the literature on social capacity building. We then use the insights from this discussion as a basis to conduct a review of 60 risk communication practices from across Europe. This review indicates a gap between theory and practice because, whilst the literature highlights the importance of integrated and coordinated communication campaigns featuring both a one-way transfer and a two-way dialogue between the public, stakeholders and decision-makers, the majority of the communication practices reviewed here appear to be relatively disparate initiatives that rely on one-way forms of communication. On the basis of these findings, we conclude by making some recommendations for the way in which such practices could be improved in order to be more supportive of social capacities across Europe. Keywords Risk communication Á Capacity building Á Participation Á Warning Á PreventionElectronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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“…During the rainy season, people have frequent contact with contaminated environments by floods that bring sewage water to streets and domiciles (28). Flooding and other natural disasters may also increase the risk of infectious diseases, such as leptospirosis, by disrupting public health services and infrastructure, damaging water and sanitation networks, displacing populations, destroying homes and increasing environmental exposure to pathogens (42). This exposition can produce infections with higher concentrations of leptospires leading to more severe cases of leptospirosis (28).…”

Section: Environmental Aspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between environment, wild animals and human leptospirosis

Ullmann¹,

Langoni²

2011

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Leptospirosis, a worldwide distributed zoononis caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira (antigenically classified into serovars), may be direct or indirectly transmitted through infected urine or environment. Several domestic and wild animals are leptospirosis reservoirs. The disease presents occupational character since it is widely reported in professionals that work in humid environments -such as sewage workers and fishermen -and in places where rodents or susceptible animals are found, like slaughterhouses and veterinary clinics. In developing countries, outbreaks are related to lack of sanitation, overcrowding in inadequate housing and climatic conditions. In developed countries, sporadic cases occur in aquatic recreational activities including swimming and triathlon. The diagnosis of leptospirosis is complex due to the variety of symptoms, disease severity and the lack of techniques that are able to early detect the infection. Thus, leptospirosis causes numerous public health problems and educational activities are very important to its control.

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10th Anniversary Review: Natural disasters and their long-term impacts on the health of communities

Cited by 51 publications

References 82 publications

Spatial distribution and spread potential of sixteenLeptospiraserovars in a subtropical region of Brazil

Spatial distribution and spread potential of sixteenLeptospiraserovars in a subtropical region of Brazil

Linking social capacities and risk communication in Europe: a gap between theory and practice?

Interactions between environment, wild animals and human leptospirosis

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