Post-coronavirus disease syndrome and disseminated microthrombosis: the role of the von Willebrand factor and antiphospholipid antibodies

Santos, C. Sieiro; Castro, José López

doi:10.6061/clinics/2021/e2784

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Vitamin D has been hypothesized to intervene in the mechanism by which COVID-19 infection induces a hypercoagulative state [ 18 , 19 ], thus increasing the risk for thrombosis, as well as results to the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). It is known that SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor [ 20 ], thus downregulating it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Vitamin D Supplementation Following COVID-19 Diagnosis: Where Do We Stand?—A Systematic Review

Bania

Pitsikakis

Mavrovounis

et al. 2022

JPM

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Vitamin D has known immunomodulatory activity and multiple indications exist supporting its potential use against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the setting of the current pandemic. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the efficacy of vitamin D administered to adult patients following COVID-19 diagnosis in terms of length of hospital stay, intubation, ICU admission and mortality rates. Therefore, PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for original articles referring to the aforementioned parameters. Of the 1376 identified studies, eleven were finally included. Vitamin D supplements, and especially calcifediol, were shown to be useful in significantly reducing ICU admissions and/or mortality in four of the studies, but not in diminishing the duration of hospitalization of COVID-19 patients. Due to the large variation in vitamin D supplementation schemes no absolute conclusions can be drawn until larger randomized controlled trials are completed. However, calcifediol administered to COVID-19 patients upon diagnosis represents by far the most promising agent and should be the focus of upcoming research efforts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Vitamin D Supplementation Following COVID-19 Diagnosis: Where Do We Stand?—A Systematic Review

Bania

Pitsikakis

Mavrovounis

et al. 2022

JPM

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“…The virus induces chronic oxidative stress in the endothelium, promoting hypercoagulability by releasing vWF. In addition, hypoxic vasoconstriction and direct cellular activation by viral transduction can lead to an increase in blood coagulation parameters 34 . Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a metalloproteinase, plays a key role in the SARS-CoV-2 infection as it mediates viral infection and participates in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system pathway and development of acute lung injury 35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal tissue and microvasculature loss in COVID-19 infection

Kalaw

Warter

Cavichini

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that permanent capillary damage may underlie the long-term COVID-19 sequela by quantifying the retinal vessel integrity. Participants were divided into three subgroups; Normal controls who had not been affected by COVID-19, mild COVID-19 cases who received out-patient care, and severe COVID-19 cases requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission and respiratory support. Patients with systemic conditions that may affect the retinal vasculature before the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection were excluded. Participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examination and retinal imaging obtained from Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT), and vessel density using OCT Angiography. Sixty-one eyes from 31 individuals were studied. Retinal volume was significantly decreased in the outer 3 mm of the macula in the severe COVID-19 group (p = 0.02). Total retinal vessel density was significantly lower in the severe COVID-19 group compared to the normal and mild COVID-19 groups (p = 0.004 and 0.0057, respectively). The intermediate and deep capillary plexuses in the severe COVID-19 group were significantly lower compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Retinal tissue and microvascular loss may be a biomarker of COVID-19 severity. Further monitoring of the retina in COVID-19-recovered patients may help further understand the COVID-19 sequela.

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“…Postmortem cases of chronic endotheliitis after Covid-19 disease underlines the sustaining proinflammatory state in some of these patients [4]. Furthermore, prothrombotic state as a result of hypercoagulability is the final clinical manifestation of a functionally impaired endothelium with a combination of thrombocytopenia and elevated von Willebrand factor (vWF) [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular and Thrombotic Complications after Covid-19 Vaccination

Georgios

2022

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Post-coronavirus disease syndrome and disseminated microthrombosis: the role of the von Willebrand factor and antiphospholipid antibodies

Abstract: Sieiro-Santos C, Ló pez-Castro J. Post-coronavirus disease syndrome and disseminated microthrombosis: the role of the von Willebrand factor and antiphospholipid antibodies. Clinics (Sao Paulo).

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Therapeutic Vitamin D Supplementation Following COVID-19 Diagnosis: Where Do We Stand?—A Systematic Review

Therapeutic Vitamin D Supplementation Following COVID-19 Diagnosis: Where Do We Stand?—A Systematic Review

Retinal tissue and microvasculature loss in COVID-19 infection

Cardiovascular and Thrombotic Complications after Covid-19 Vaccination

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