Impact of heart rate on reproducibility of heart rate variability analysis in the supine and standing positions in healthy men

Cruz, Carlos Janssen Gomes da; Porto, Luiz Guilherme Grossi; Rolim, Paloma da Silva; Pires, Deleon de Souza; Garcia, Giliard Lago; Molina, Guilherme Eckhardt

doi:10.6061/clinics/2019/e806

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Data collections and inclusion/exclusion criteria were not identical within each study, which may have affected our results, as well as heterogeneity due to different study designs. To reduce bias of measures, when a study reported HRV in different positions [ 94 ], we limited data to decubitus measures, as position and conditions of measure may influence HRV. Most studies included were not RCT, precluding robust conclusions for our meta-analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exercise training on heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Background Cardiac autonomic neuropathy is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), that can be measured through heart rate variability (HRV)–known to be decreased in T2DM. Physical exercise can improve HRV in healthy population, however results are under debate in T2DM. We conducted a systemic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of physical exercise on HRV in T2DM patients. Method PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases were searched for all studies reporting HRV parameters in T2DM patients before and after exercise training, until September 20th 2020, without limitation to specific years. We conducted random-effects meta-analysis stratified by type of exercise for each of the HRV parameters: RR–intervals (or Normal to Normal intervals–NN), standard deviation of RR intervals (SDNN), percentage of adjacent NN intervals varying by more than 50 milliseconds (pNN50), root mean square of successive RR-intervals differences (RMSSD), total power, Low Frequency (LF), High Frequency (HF) and LF/HF ratio. Sensitivity analyses were computed on studies with the highest quality. Results We included 21 studies (9 were randomized) for a total of 523 T2DM patients: 472 had an exercise training and 151 were controls (no exercise). Intervention was endurance (14 studies), resistance (2 studies), endurance combined with resistance (4 studies), and high intensity interval training (HIIT) (4 studies). After exercise training, all HRV parameters improved i.e. an increase in SDNN (effect size = 0.59, 95%CI 0.26 to 0.93), RMSSD (0.62, 0.28 to 0.95), pNN50 (0.62, 0.23 to 1.00), HF (0.58, -0.16 to 0.99), and a decrease in LF (-0.37, -0.69 to -0.05) and LF/HF (-0.52, -0.79 to -0.24). There were no changes in controls. Stratification by type of exercise showed an improvement in most HRV parameters (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, LF, HF, LF/HF) after endurance training, whereas mostly LF/HF was improved after both resistance training and HIIT. Supervised training improved most HRV parameters. Duration and frequency of training did not influence the benefits on HRV. Conclusion Exercise training improved HRV parameters in T2DM patients which may reflect an improvement in the activity of the autonomic nervous system. The level of proof is the highest for endurance training. Supervised training seemed beneficial.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exercise training on heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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“…The effects of caffeine ingestion on resting HRV are conflicting, with studies reporting increases [28][29][30], reduction [31] and no changes [32] of resting parasympathetic and/or global modulation markers. Establishing a cause of these divergences is not an easy task since several variables can affect HRV analysis, such as sex [33], body position [34], body mass index [35], nutritional status [36], functional condition [37], corresponding heart rate [38], cardiorespiratory fitness [39] and age [40]. In that same sense, the physiological and functional response to caffeine ingestion also depends on various factors such as individual caffeine habituation [41], caffeine dosage [42], sex [43], functional condition adopted to analysis [32], genetic profile [44], caffeine expectancies [45] and some other neuromuscular characteristics [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of varying doses of caffeine on cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following an acute bout of anaerobic exercise in recreational athletes

Sarshin

Naderi

Cruz

et al. 2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background: To examine the effects of varying doses of caffeine on autonomic reactivation following anaerobic exercise. Methods: Recreationally active males (N = 20; 24 ± 2y) participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled, crossover study where participants ingested: [1] Control (CON; no supplement), [2] a non-caffeinated placebo (PLA), [3] 3-mg•kg − 1 of caffeine (CAF3) or [4] 6-mg•kg − 1 of caffeine (CAF6) prior to Wingate testing. Parasympathetic (lnRMSSD, primary outcome) and global HRV (lnSDNN, secondary outcome) were assessed at rest (i.e., pre-ingestion), 45-min post-ingestion, and 5-min and 35-min post-exercise recovery. We used a GLM to assess mean (95% CI) changes from pre-ingestion baseline. Results: Overall, we observed a significant trend for lnRMSSD and lnSDNN (both, p = 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.745). Forty-five minutes after treatment ingestion, we observed a significant increase in lnRMSSD for CAF3 (0.15 ms, 95%CI, 0.07, 0.24) and CAF6 (0.16 ms, 95%CI, 0.06,0.25), both being significant (both, p < 0.004) vs. CON (− 0.02 ms, 95%CI, − 0.09, 0.04). Five-minutes after exercise, all treatments demonstrated significant declines in lnRMSSD vs. baseline (all, p < 0.001). After 35-min of recovery, lnRMSSD returned to a level not significantly different than baseline for CAF3 (0.03 ms, 95%CI, − 0.05, 0.12) and CAF6 (− 0.03 ms, 95%CI, − 0.17, 0.10), while PLA (− 0.16 ms, 95%CI, − 0.25, − 0.06) and CON (− 0.17 ms, 95%CI, − 0.28, − 0.07) treatments remained significantly depressed. A similar pattern was also observed for SDNN. Conclusion: Caffeine ingestion increases resting cardiac autonomic modulation and accelerates post-exercise autonomic recovery after a bout of anaerobic exercise in recreationally active young men. However, no differences between caffeine doses on cardiac autonomic reactivity were observed.

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“…The effects of caffeine ingestion on resting HRV are con icting, with studies reporting increases (30-32), reduction (33) and no changes (34) of resting parasympathetic and/or global modulation markers. Establishing a cause of these divergences is not an easy task since several variables can affect HRV analysis, such as sex (35), body position (36), body mass index (37), nutritional status (38), functional condition (39), corresponding heart rate (40), cardiorespiratory tness (41) and age (42). In that same sense, the physiological and functional response to caffeine ingestion also depends on various factors such as individual caffeine habituation (43), caffeine dosage (44), sex (45), functional condition adopted to analysis (34), genetic pro le (46), caffeine expectancies (47) and some other neuromuscular characteristics (48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of varying doses of caffeine on cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following an acute bout of anaerobic exercise in recreational athletes

Sarshin

Naderi

Cruz

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: To examine the effects of varying doses of caffeine on autonomic reactivation following anaerobic exercise. Methods: Recreationally active males (N=20; 24±2y) participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study where participants ingested: (1) Control (CON; no supplement), (2) a non-caffeinated placebo (PLA), (3) 3-mg∙kg-1 of caffeine (CAF3) or (4) 6-mg∙kg-1 of caffeine (CAF6) prior to Wingate testing. Parasympathetic (lnRMSSD, primary outcome) and global HRV (lnSDNN, secondary outcome) were assessed at rest (i.e., pre-ingestion), 45-min post-ingestion, and 5-min and 35-min post-exercise recovery. We used a GLM to assess mean (95% CI) changes from pre-ingestion baseline.Results: Overall, we observed a significant trend for lnRMSSD and lnSDNN (both, p=0.001, ηp2=0.745). Forty-five minutes after treatment ingestion, we observed a significant increase in lnRMSSD for CAF3 (0.15ms, 95%CI, 0.07,0.24) and CAF6 (0.16ms, 95%CI, 0.06,0.25), both being significant (both, p<0.004) vs. CON (-0.02ms, 95%CI, -0.09,0.04). Five-minutes after exercise, all treatments demonstrated significant declines in lnRMSSD vs. baseline (all, p<0.001). After 35-min of recovery, lnRMSSD returned to a levels not significantly different than baseline for CAF3 (0.03ms, 95%CI, -0.05, 0.12) and CAF6 (-0.03ms, 95%CI, -0.17, 0.10), while PLA (-0.16ms, 95%CI, -0.25, -0.06) and CON (-0.17ms, 95%CI, -0.28, -0.07) treatments remained significantly depressed. A similar pattern was also observed for SDNN.Conclusion: Caffeine ingestion increases resting cardiac autonomic modulation and accelerates post-exercise autonomic recovery after a bout of an anaerobic exercise test in recreationally active young men. However, no differences between caffeine doses on cardiac autonomic reactivity were observed.

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Impact of heart rate on reproducibility of heart rate variability analysis in the supine and standing positions in healthy men

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of exercise training on heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Effect of exercise training on heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The effects of varying doses of caffeine on cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following an acute bout of anaerobic exercise in recreational athletes

The effects of varying doses of caffeine on cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following an acute bout of anaerobic exercise in recreational athletes

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