Adaptability and stability in commercial maize hybrids in the southeast of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the adaptability and stability of 29 commercial maize hybrids in the southeast of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, employing three methods. The 29 commercial maize hybrids from the 2014/2015 crop were evaluated for grain yield in five locations in the southeast of Minas Gerais. A randomised-block design was used, with two replications. Each lot comprised two rows, five meters in length, at a spacing of 0.80 m, giving an effective area of 8.00 m2. In addition to individual and combined variance analysis, the methods of Eberhart & Russell (1966), AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis) and mixed models were used to evaluate the adaptability and stability of the 29 hybrids. There was a significant difference (P<0.01) for the effects of hybrid, environment and the hybrid x environment interaction. The majority of the hybrids under evaluation displayed broad adaptability with good stability. It was concluded that the Eberhart & Russell, AMMI and mixed-model methods show similar results in classifying maize hybrids of broad adaptability. There is a difference in indicating hybrids with specific adaptability to favourable and unfavourable environments. Based on the three methods, the hybrids SHS7920PRO, BM709PRO2, BRS1055 and BM650PRO2 show a general adaptability for the environments under evaluation.

Hybrid maize selection through GGE biplot analysis

“…According to this result, genotypes recorded different performances due to environmental changes. Therefore, maize cultivar classification can change depending on the assessed environment, corroborating the results recorded by Faria et al (2017) and Oliveira et al (2017).…”

Projeção de distâncias como método auxiliar na classificação de arroz irrigado quanto a adaptabilidade e estabilidade.

“…Com base nos resultados obtidos, destacamos as grandes contribuições dadas pela metodologia de Projeção de distâncias proposta neste estudo, que além de permitir uma avaliação simultânea de genótipos e ambientes, vem para auxiliar na tomada de decisão do melhorista, anteriormente realizada com base somente nas metodologias tradicionais de Eberhart e Russell (1966) e Centroide, de modo a agregar informações gráficas bastante relevantes aos estudos de adaptabilidade e estabilidade. Outros autores já avaliaram o uso de metodologias gráficas para estudos de adaptabilidade e estabilidade e concluíram que métodos gráficos auxiliam na avaliação de genótipos que apresentam dificuldades e divergências na interpretação dos resultados via métodos tradicionais de classificação (FARIA et al, 2017;MIRANDA et al, 2009;SILVA et al, 2008;EPSKAMP et al, 2012;SILVA et al, 2016).…”

“…Apesar de eficientes, a experiência tem demonstrado que, quando aplicadas isoladamente, essas metodologias apresentam algumas limitações como a não informação sobre interações específicas de genótipos com ambientes e também entre ambientes, além de serem de difícil interpretação (MALOSETTI et al, 2013). A discordância de classificação entre métodos aplicados aos mesmos genótipos também tem sido relatada por diversos autores (FARIA et al, 2017;MALOSETTI et al, 2013;BARROSO et al, 2017), de modo que novas metodologias devem ser propostas e testadas complementarmente aos métodos convencionais já preconizados pela literatura. À luz do exposto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi propor um novo método gráfico, baseado em análises de similaridade do comportamento dos genótipos e dos ambientes e zoneamento, intitulado Método de Projeção de Distâncias, para avaliação de interação G×E.…”

Agronomic Responses of Maize Hybrids to Row Spacing and Plant Population in the Summer and Winter Seasons in Brazil

“…Single cross hybrids that have a narrow genetic base trend are more responsive to the environment than other types of hybrids, and thereafter, they are recommended more often for planting in favorable soils and weather conditions, and for high input cultivation, which frequently occur in the summer season in Brazil, whereas broader genetic base hybrids, such as the three‐way and double crosses, may perform equal to or better than the single crosses under less favorable conditions, that is, drought, cold, poor soils, low temperature, and short days (Hallauer et al, 2010; Carena and Wicks, 2006; Becker and Léon, 1988; Schnell, 1975; Weatherspoon, 1970). Faria et al (2017) evaluated 29 different types of maize hybrids in several environments in Brazil, and found that the double cross was the most adapted to unfavorable environments. As less favorable weather conditions, that is, low precipitation and shorter days (less light), are frequent in the winter season in Brazil, and most farmers grow maize with low fertilization input or only with the mineral nutrients remaining after a soybean crop without fertilization, maize farmers might consider growing three‐way cross hybrids.…”