Chikungunya: vision of the pain clinician

Treatment of chikungunya chronic arthritis: A systematic review

“…introduction Chikungunya (CHIK) is a disease caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus belonging to the family Togaviridae, which is transmitted through the bite of infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus female mosquito. 1,2 CHIK is considered a tropical disease because it circulates within the subtropical and tropical regions, with geographic distribution in the African continent, Southeast Asia and South America, with cases in Europe and North America occurring mainly in travelers. 2,3 In 2013, the first case of local transmission in the Americas was reported in the Caribbean.…”

“…4 Symptomatic infection caused by this virus is usually marked by a sudden onset of fever, with a body temperature normally higher than 39°C, headache, chills, conjunctivitis, rash, myalgia and severe joint pain, with or without swelling. [1][2][3][4][5] Although CHIK may present with different clinical manifestations in the regions where the disease virus circulates, the presence of the debilitating polyarthralgia symptom causes the predictive value for CHIK to be greater than 80%. 1,5 In general, CHIK has two phases: acute and chronic.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Although CHIK may present with different clinical manifestations in the regions where the disease virus circulates, the presence of the debilitating polyarthralgia symptom causes the predictive value for CHIK to be greater than 80%. 1,5 In general, CHIK has two phases: acute and chronic. During the acute phase, the main manifestations are high fever, headache, chills, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, back pain, myalgia and arthralgia.…”

“…During the acute phase, the main manifestations are high fever, headache, chills, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, back pain, myalgia and arthralgia. 1,2 As for joint symptoms, there is variation from polyarthralgia to symmetrical polyarthritis; the most affected joints are wrist, metacarpal and interphalangeal joints, elbows, ankles, and knees. 2,5,6 Arthralgia as standard does not present a defined course, but tends to be more intense in the morning, worsening with more intense physical activity.…”

Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos dos idosos com febre de Chikungunya

“…A persistência de dor articular e muscular pode durar de meses a anos, não havendo ainda consenso na literatura sobre o período médio de duração desse agravo. Estima-se que uma média de um terço das pessoas acometidas pela doença evolui para a fase crônica, caracterizada por limitação física, interferência na rotina laboral e na qualidade de vida (2)(3) .…”