IntroductionHypothermic circulatory arrest is widely used for correction of acute type A
aortic dissection pathology. We present our experience of 45 consecutive
patients operated in our unit with bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion
and moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest.MethodsBetween January 2011 and April 2015, 45 consecutive patients were admitted
for acute type A aortic dissection and operated emergently under moderate
hypothermic circulatory arrest and bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion.
ResultsMean age was 58±11.4 years old. Median circulatory arrest time was
41.5 (30-54) minutes while the 30-day mortality and postoperative permanent
neurological deficits rates were 6.7% and 13.3%, respectively. Unadjusted
analysis revealed that the factors associated with 30-day mortality were:
preoperative hemodynamic instability (OR: 14.8, 95% CI: 2.41, 90.6,
P=0.004); and postoperative requirement for open
sternum management (OR: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.041, 24.02, P=0.044)
while preoperative hemodynamic instability (OR: 8.8, 95% CI: 1.41, 54.9,
P=0.02) and postoperative sepsis or multiple organ
dysfunction (OR: 13.6, 95% CI: 2.1, 89.9, P=0.007) were
correlated with neurological dysfunction. By multivariable logistic
regression analysis, postoperative sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction
independently predicted (OR: 15.9, 95% CI: 1.05, 96.4,
P=0.045) the incidence of severe postoperative neurological
complication. During median follow-up of 6 (2-12) months, the survival rate
was 86.7%.ConclusionBilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion and direct carotid perfusion for
cardiopulmonary bypass, in the surgical treatment for correction of acute
aortic dissection type A, is a valuable technique with low 30-day mortality
rate. However, postoperative severe neurological dysfunctions remain an
issue that warrants further research.