Simultaneous, Simple and Rapid Determination of Five Bioactive Free Anthraquinones in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei by Quantitative¹H NMR

Abstract

Radix et Rhizoma Rhei has been recognized for centuries in traditional medicine for its multiple pharmacological actions. The free anthraquinones including physcion, chrysophanol, emodin, rhein, and aloe-emodin are the main bioactive components in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. In the present study, a fast quantitative 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (q-HNMR) method for the determination and quantitation of five free anthraquinones in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei was developed. Validation of the quantitative method was performed in terms of specificity, accuracy, precision, and stability. The results showed that the solvent acetone-d 6 enabled satisfactory separation of the signals to be integrated. Five anthraquinones in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei could be quantified accurately using featured signals from 1 H NMR. This work implied that q-HNMR represents a feasible alternative to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based methods for quantitation of anthraquinones in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and is suitable for the quality control of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei.

Synergistic Inhibiting Effect of Phytochemicals in Rheum palmatum on Tyrosinase Based on Metabolomics and Isobologram Analyses

“…Typical 1 H-NMR spectra of RPE were shown in Figure S1 . In the case of anthraquinone compounds, the most well-known compounds in RP such as rhein (8.15, s, H-4) and chrysphanol (7.62, s, H-4; 7.22, s, H-2), signals could be recognized [ 13 ]. However, the signals were very low, and the rest of the signals were difficult to identify as they were in the congested area.…”

Identification of Novel Bioactive Compound Derived from Rheum officinalis against Campylobacter jejuni NCTC11168

“…In view of the findings of other investigators, Rheum officinalis is a medicinal herb with clinical practice act as antipyretic, antibacterial, hemostatic, and antineoplastic; this is due to its bioactive components like flavonoids, organic acids, phenyl-butanones, galloyl-glucoses, stilbenes, and anthocyanin [ 33 ]. However, [ 34 ] reported that Rheum officinalis possessed pharmacological activities due to its phytochemical constituents, thus acting as antioxidants by scavenging free radicals, anticancer effects via inhibiting the cellular proliferation, anti-inflammatory activities through attenuating the activity of TNF- α , NF- к B, IL-2, and IL-6, and antidiabetic activity via decreasing the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase, and aldolase.…”

Chemical Constituents from Uapaca guineensis (Phyllanthaceae), and the Computational Validation of Their Antileishmanial and Anti-inflammatory Potencies

“…eir structures have been established using their spectrometric and spectroscopic data in comparison with those reported in the literature. us, the nine compounds have been classified into four triterpenoids including lupeol (1) [22,23], betulin (2) [24], betulinic acid (3) [25,26], β-amyryl acetate (4) [27]; one anthraquinone named physcion (5) [28], two flavonoids identified as quercetin (6) and rutin (7) [29], as well as two common steroids β-sitosterol (8) and its glucoside β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9) [30]. To the best of our knowledge, all the isolated compounds are reported herein for the first time from this plant species.…”