Optimization of Parameters for Extraction of Avenanthramides from Oat (<i>Avena sativa</i>L.) Grain Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Maliarová, Mária; Mrázová, Viera; Havrlentová, Michaela; Sokol, J.

doi:10.5935/0103-5053.20150233

Cited by 9 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…They also were similar to ethanolic extractions of different oat genotypes grown at different environments (Peterson, Wesenberg, Burrup, & Erickson, 2005). Higher values were obtained compared to extractions including enzymatic pretreatment (Chen et al, 2015), this (Emmons et al, 1999;Maliarova et al, 2015). This could be interpreted higher temperatures might improved AVNs extraction yield.…”

Section: Avenanthramidessupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Higher values were obtained compared to extractions including enzymatic pretreatment (Chen et al, ), this for 2c and 2p, while for 2f, the values were lower in the current research. Higher values are reported with extractions run at higher temperatures with methanol at conventional lab scale (Emmons et al, ; Maliarova et al, ). This could be interpreted higher temperatures might improved AVNs extraction yield.…”

Section: Results and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Research has been published evaluating different extraction methods (Verardo, Serea, Segal, & Caboni, 2011). Moreover, there is research on the extraction of avenanthramides and its optimization in methanol (Maliarova et al, 2015). As a result, it is well known that alcohol mixtures with few percentages of water (20-40%) aid to the extraction of polyphenols in oat.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Extraction of different phenolic groups from oats at a nonthermal pilot scale: Effect of solvent composition and cycles

Fontes‐Candia

Ramos-Sánchez

Chávez‐Flores

et al. 2017

J Food Process Engineering

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This article explores oat's polyphenols extraction in ethanol/water and methanol/water at a nonthermal pilot scale. Alcohol % (vol/vol) and cycles were controlled by response surface methodology. Eight polyphenols were evaluated (HPLC), together with antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and total polyphenol content (TPC). Model adjusted well in the majority of the cases. Highest TPC and ORAC were obtained with ethanolic mixtures. Vanillic acid and vanillin highest yields were at 14.6% (vol/vol) and 50% (vol/vol) in both alcohols. Hydrocinnamic acids were better extracted at high alcohol concentrations (98–100%, vol/vol), where p‐coumaric acid was the most present. Avenanthramides optimum alcohol extraction composition varied from 50 to 100% (vol/vol). Hence, different polarity behavior was observed (2c > 2f > 2p). Avenanthramide 2c showed the highest yield. Cycles effect varied depending on the polyphenol evaluated, they were more necessary for the extraction of p‐coumaric acid and avenanthramide 2f. Results aid to understand solvation process for a more efficient polyphenols extraction. Practical applications The research fills the gap between reported laboratory work and the lack of experimental scale up data. It considers scale up aspects such as developing a simple and easy to scale process (ambient temperature and 8 bars pressure) and using food grade solvents. Extractions were run with a controlled particle size distribution rather than a specific particle size. A small solvent/solid ratio was kept, since excessive amount of solvent generates expensive downstream operations. Moreover, solvent was reused on each run until the necessary cycles were completed. The optimization here presented will allow a better understanding in the extraction of oat's polyphenols; individually, as group, and total. This will aid for a more robust polyphenols extractions from oat at the food industry.

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Section: Avenanthramidessupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Results and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraction of different phenolic groups from oats at a nonthermal pilot scale: Effect of solvent composition and cycles

Fontes‐Candia

Ramos-Sánchez

Chávez‐Flores

et al. 2017

J Food Process Engineering

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“…In 2014, total content of avenanthramides 2p, 2f and 2c ranged between 12.1 and 36.9 mg/100 g; while in 2015, contents between 1.7 and 6.2 mg/100 g were found. Other studies reported avenanthramide concentrations between 0.2 und 80 mg/100 g (Dimberg et al, 2005;Tong et al, 2014;Maliarova et al, 2015). Effektiv, Max and Hronec had the lowest, Tatran and Otakar the highest avenanthramide contents.…”

Section: Antioxidant Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Samples were quantified relative to the tocopherol and tocotrienol standards (Supelco/Sigma-Aldrich, USA). For the extraction of phenolic compounds, a protocol optimized for maximum avenanthramide extraction was used (Maliarova et al, 2015). Extracts were stored at -30°C.…”

Section: Antioxidant Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional properties of various oat and naked oat cultivars

Boeck

D’Amico

Zechner³

et al. 2018

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

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Two oat (Avena sativa L.) and ten naked oat (Avena nuda L.) cultivars grown on an experimental farm in two consecutive years were analyzed for their content of β-glucan, ash, fat, protein and Osborne protein fractions. Concentration of the antioxidant substances avenanthramides, tocopherols, tocotrienols and total phenolic compounds was analyzed. The antioxidant capacity of the oat cultivars was studied by ABTS •+ -scavenging assay and FRAP assay. Cultivar Vazec and conservation cultivar Klimt showed high contents of fat, avenanthramides and total phenolic compounds, as well as a high antioxidant capacity. Klimt also had a high total protein content, and the highest proportion of avenanthramide 2c, which has the highest antioxidant activity of the analyzed avenanthramides. On the other hand, Klimt was also relatively low in β-glucan and tocopherols and tocotrienols. The two cultivars of husked oat, Effektiv and Max, have high yields and low prolamin contents, but showed poor results in all analyzed antioxidant parameters. Comparison of the two cultivation periods showed large differences in many of the analyzed parameters. The hot, dry climate of 2015 had negative influences on the nutritional quality of the oat, especially concerning the antioxidant properties. No cultivar could be identified that was robust against these climatic influences. ZusammenfassungZwei bespelzte Hafersorten (Avena sativa L.) und zehn Nackthafersorten (Avena nuda L.) welche auf Versuchsfeldern in zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Jahren geerntet wurden, wurden auf ihren Gehalt an β-Glucan, Asche, Fett, Protein und Osborne-Fraktionen getestet. Die Konzentration an den Antioxidantien Avenanthramiden, Tocopherolen, Tocotrienolen sowie der gesamten phenolischen Substanzen wurde ermittelt. Mittels ABTS •+ -Scavenging-Assay and FRAP-Assay wurde zudem die antioxidative Kapazität der Haferproben untersucht. Die Sorten Klimt und Vazec wiesen hohe Konzentrationen an Fett, Avenanthramiden und gesamten phenolischen Substanzen auf. Klimt zeigte zudem einen hohen Proteingehalt sowie den höchsten Anteil an Avenanthramid 2c, welches das am stärksten antioxidativ wirksame der untersuchten Avenanthramide ist. Sowohl β-Glucangehalt als auch der Gehalt an Tocopherolen und Tocotrienolen waren jedoch bei Sorte Klimt relativ niedrig. Die zwei bespelzten Hafersorten Effektiv und Max waren ertragsstark und prolaminarm, wiesen jedoch bei sämtlichen antioxidativen Parametern deutlich niedrigere Werte auf. Im Vergleich der beiden Anbaujahre zeigten sich große Unterschiede bei fast allen untersuchten Parametern. Das trockene, heiße Klima im Jahr 2015 hatte durchwegs eine negative Auswirkung auf die ernährungsphysiologische Qualität des Hafers und besonders auf dessen antioxidative Eigenschaften. Es konnte keine Sorte identifiziert werden, welche sich gegenüber diesen klimatischen Einflüssen als robust erwiesen hätte.

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Phenolic amides (avenanthramides) in oats – an update review

Xie,

Lin,

Xiao

et al. 2024

Bioengineered

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Oats ( Avena sativa L.) are one of the worldwide cereal crops. Avenanthramides (AVNs), the unique plant alkaloids of secondary metabolites found in oats, are nutritionally important for humans and animals. Numerous bioactivities of AVNs have been investigated and demonstrated in vivo and in vitro . Despite all these, researchers from all over the world are taking efforts to learn more knowledge about AVNs. In this work, we highlighted the recent updated findings that have increased our understanding of AVNs bioactivity, distribution, and especially the AVNs biosynthesis. Since the limits content of AVNs in oats strictly hinders the demand, understanding the mechanisms underlying AVN biosynthesis is important not only for developing a renewable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly source in both plants and microorganisms but also for designing effective strategies for enhancing their production via induction and metabolic engineering. Future directions for improving AVN production in native producers and heterologous systems for food and feed use are also discussed. This summary will provide a broad view of these specific natural products from oats.

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Optimization of Parameters for Extraction of Avenanthramides from Oat (Avena sativaL.) Grain Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Extraction of different phenolic groups from oats at a nonthermal pilot scale: Effect of solvent composition and cycles

Extraction of different phenolic groups from oats at a nonthermal pilot scale: Effect of solvent composition and cycles

Nutritional properties of various oat and naked oat cultivars

Phenolic amides (avenanthramides) in oats – an update review

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