A scalable asymmetric total synthesis
of (−)-emetine, a
natural product alkaloid from ipecac species and one of the main active
ingredients in ipecac syrup used in emetics, has been accomplished.
The synthetic route featured a total of 13 steps of highly efficient
chemical reactions, including catalytic asymmetric allylation and
an industrial deoxygenation of an aliphatic compound, which obviated
the need for any chromatographic purification. (−)-Emetine·2HCl
was obtained in 12% overall yield and over 93.2% HPLC purity. The
synthesis was easily scaled up to 237.1 g and should be amenable to
the production of larger quantities for ongoing drug development,
while the compound is currently provided as natural ipecac syrup for
a clinical use.