Development of Prepolymer Technology in the Synthesis of a Polyurethane Binder Used in Solid Rocket Fuels

Clemente, Marcelo Reis; Rocha, Roberta Jachura; Iha, Koshun; Rocco, José Atílio Fritz Fidel

doi:10.5935/0100-4042.20140154

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Low values of T g are desirable because solid propellants are exposed to low temperatures during the rocket flight. Below the T g, the polymer may become hard and brittle, which may lead to engine explosion . Therefore, PBS, PES, and 12PPS are good polyester candidates for use as polymeric binders during the manufacture of propellants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Synthesis and Characterization of Binders for Propellants

Araújo

Pinto

Caldeira³

et al. 2019

Macromolecular Symposia

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The present work is devoted to the synthesis and characterization of polymeric binders for use in composite propellants. Polymeric binders hold together solid fuel and oxidant particles that constitute composite propellants, forming a solid elastic mass that is able to withstand thermal and mechanical stresses. Usually, the binder is also a fuel, working as a source of carbon and hydrogen for the propellant burning reaction. In the present study, polyester binders based on the reaction of green 1,2‐propanediol, 1,3‐propanediol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and 1,4‐butanediol with succinic acid were produced through two‐step polycondensations (esterification and transesterification), using the initial proportion of 4 (OH): 3 (COOH). Polymer samples were characterized with help of Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Process (MALDI TOF) and Reaction Calorimetry (RC). The obtained results indicate that the use of the proposed polymeric binders can be advantageous for formulation of new green composite propellants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Synthesis and Characterization of Binders for Propellants

Araújo

Pinto

Caldeira³

et al. 2019

Macromolecular Symposia

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“…Vegetable oils like soybean, sunflower, cotton, and castor oil are excellent raw materials for the development of monomers in polymer synthesis [1,2]. Soybean oil (SO) has been widely used in the chemical industry, due to its availability and low cost, to produce numerous substances through chemical reactions e.g., epoxidation, oxidation, ozonolysis, catalytic hydrogenation, and glycerolysis [1,3]. In addition, the agriculture-based triglycerides are considered to be "green" raw materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second stage is the epoxy ring opening reaction to form hydroxyl groups [4]. In this approach, it is possible to obtain polyols with hydroxyl index in the range of 180-230 mg KOH/g, a low acid index with high functionality (around [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The synthesized polyurethane materials (PU) from soybean oil polyol (SOP) show high crosslink density, good mechanical properties such as high tensile strength, hydrolysis resistance, and good thermal stability [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable polyol obtained by microwave-assisted alcoholysis of epoxidized soybean oil: Preparation, thermal properties and relaxation process

Favero

Marcon

Barcellos

et al. 2019

Journal of Molecular Liquids

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The soybean oil polyol (SOP) use as feedstock in the polyurethane industry has been recently emphasized due to its excellent resistance to hydrolysis, which is also applicable in coatings and thermal insulation. In this article, the SOP was obtained by a very fast microwave-assisted alcoholysis of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO). The preparation method, thermal properties, and relaxation process were evaluated. High yields as opening and consumption epoxy group and selectivity of 99.8 mol%, 98.5 mol%, and 71.2 mol% were obtained. Through titrations, nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography were identified parameters as 0.32 mg KOH.g -1 acid number, 190 mg KOHg -1 hydroxyl number, 150 mg KOHg -1 saponification index, 0.17 wt.% water content, 1463 gmol -1 molecular weight, 4.98 average functionality, 2.4x10 -5 mPas -1 viscosity at 333K and 1.00 gcm -3 density. The dielectric relaxation spectroscopy allowed identifying the α-relaxation process with a 193.5K glass transition (T g ), 63.2 fragility index and 234.1 kJ mol −1 activation energy associated with T g from the dynamic fragility index. The ionic conductivity temperature dependence on SOP obeys Arrhenius behavior. In summary, the SOP structure and thermal relaxation parameters determination are fundamental for the understanding of the structureproperties relationship of renewable polyurethanes.

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“…Recent study about HTPB was developed by Clemente et al (2014). Polyurethane polymer matrix was synthesized using polyols as a raw material to obtain a binder such as (HTPB) prepolymer in energetic material formulation.…”

Section: Introduction Studies About Binders Of Propellantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodologies for Characterization of Aerospace Polymers/Energetic Materials - a Short Review

Pedreira

Pinto

Campos

et al. 2016

J.Aerosp. Technol. Manag.

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Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques, associated or not to others, are a well-studied subject used for characterizing polymers/energetic materials that have been employed mainly in aerospace industries. However, the infrared analyses are usually qualitative and performed using the mid-infrared. This paper discusses the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy qualitative and quantitative methodologies, coupled or not with thin layer chromatography and thermogravimetric analysis, for characterization of aerospace polymer systems, in some cases, using mid-infrared, near-infrared and far-infrared regions, by traditional accessories and the latest generation spectra mode, universal attenuated total reflection. This short review was made based on methodologies developed during the last two decades and published by many scientific and industrial research groups, emphasizing studies usually carried out in the last five years. A critical assessment and future trends were included.

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Development of Prepolymer Technology in the Synthesis of a Polyurethane Binder Used in Solid Rocket Fuels

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Binders for Propellants

Synthesis and Characterization of Binders for Propellants

Renewable polyol obtained by microwave-assisted alcoholysis of epoxidized soybean oil: Preparation, thermal properties and relaxation process

Methodologies for Characterization of Aerospace Polymers/Energetic Materials - a Short Review

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