Increased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 immunoreactivity in the sclera-choroid complex in hypercholesterolemia experimental model

Noronha, Lúcia de; Torres, Rogil José de Almeida; Nagashima, Seigo; Torres, Caroline Luzia de Almeida; Luchini, Andréa; Torres, Robson Antônio de Almeida; Précoma, Leonardo Brandão; Précoma, Dalton Bertolim

doi:10.5935/0034-7280.20140046

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…At the end of 12 weeks, animals were sacrificed at the animal surgical laboratory of central research and animal facility, International Islamic University Malaysia (CREAM)-IIUM. Induction of general anaesthesia was done by intramuscular injection of a combination of ketamine and xylazine [ 28 ] at doses of 50 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively [ 29 ]. Laparotomy and sternotomy were performed for full exposure of liver [ 30 ], and then through left ventricular approach, systemic perfusion was secured by infusion of ice-cold normal saline and euthanasia was achieved by exsanguination of blood through opened right atrium [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatoprotective Effects of a Novel Trihoney against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comparative Study with Atorvastatin

Alfarisi

Ibrahim

Mohamed

et al. 2020

The Scientific World Journal

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disorder worldwide with no curative therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of a novel Trihoney against biochemical and histological manifestations of NAFLD in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Methodology. Forty-eight male New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits were grouped into normal diet (C), normal diet with 0.6 g/kg/day of Trihoney (C + H), 1% cholesterol diet (HCD), 1% cholesterol diet with 0.3 g/kg/day of Trihoney (HCD + H1), 1% cholesterol diet with 0.6 g/kg/day of Trihoney (HCD + H2), and 1% cholesterol diet with 2 mg/kg/day of atorvastatin (HCD + At.). Animals were sacrificed after 12 weeks of treatment. Serum lipids and liver function test (LFT) were measured prior to and at the endpoint of the experiment for total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and total bilirubin (T. Bil.). Liver was processed for histopathology study. Liver homogenate was analysed for oxidative stress parameters: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Results. Lipid analysis approved the induction of hypercholesterolemia. A significant elevation (p<0.01) of serum AST and ALT levels showed by the HCD group was compared to C and C + H groups. Trihoney exhibited a significant reduction (p<0.001) of AST and ALT compared to the HCD group. Likewise, AST and ALT reduced significantly in the HCD + At. group (p<0.001). Trihoney supplementation induced significant (p<0.05) enhancement of SOD and GPx activities. Atorvastatin treatment was associated with significant (p<0.05) reduction of SOD and GPx activities in the liver. Trihoney and atorvastatin showed marked (p<0.001) reduction of hepatic lipid peroxidation. Trihoney showed histological protection against progression of NAFLD to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Atorvastatin exhibited no beneficial impact on hepatic architecture. Conclusion. Trihoney was able to maintain normal liver function and showed hepatoprotection against progression of NAFLD to NASH probably through hypocholesterolaemic and antioxidant functions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatoprotective Effects of a Novel Trihoney against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comparative Study with Atorvastatin

Alfarisi

Ibrahim

Mohamed

et al. 2020

The Scientific World Journal

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“…The decision to euthanize rabbits of the NG group after 4 weeks was made based on the results of earlier studies (24,35) . We have demonstrated that cholesterol-enriched diet induces an increase in macrophage concentration in the choroid-sclera com plex, causing thickness of these structures (24,25,35) . The diet also induced hypoxia of the retinal tissue, leading to neuronal damage (35) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, rabbits were fed with cholesterol enriched diet to evaluate the expression of the TNF-α and IL-6 in the choroidscle ral complex. It has been reported that cholesterol-enriched diet induces hypoxia of the retinal tissue (24) , increase in the macrophage concentration in the choroid and sclera (24)(25) , as well as increase in A B Figure 2. Immunoreactivity of choroid and sclera to IL-6 antibody.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VEGF expression in these structures (25) . Therefore, the significant increase in the TNF-α expression observed in the choroid and sclera of the animals in the HG group was likely due to hypoxia, as well as an increase in the macrophage concentration (26) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TNF-α receptors are expressed in the retina, including the Muller and the RPE cells, as well as in the choroid (6,(13)(14) . The TNF-α secreted by macrophages (22) , observed in a large numbers in this experimental model (24)(25)(26) , triggers the production of VEGF through Tnfrsf1b receptor by the RPE cells (6) . TNF-α also stimulates monocyte adhesion and upregulates the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (27) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines in the choroid and sclera of hypercholesterolemic rabbits

Torres

Luchini²,

Barberini

et al. 2014

Arquivos Brasileiros De Oftalmologia

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Effect of flaxseed on choroid–sclera complex thickness and on LDL oxidation in the sclera, choroid and retina of diet-induced hypercholesterolaemic rabbits

Torres

Luchini²,

Both

et al. 2014

Br J Nutr

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of flaxseed on choroid -sclera complex thickness and on LDL oxidation in the sclera, choroid and retina of diet-induced hypercholesterolaemic rabbits. New Zealand male albino rabbits (n 21) were divided into two groups: group 1 (G1; n 11), fed a hypercholesterolaemic diet, and group 2 (G2; n 10), fed a hypercholesterolaemic diet enriched with flaxseed flour. The serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol, TAG and fasting blood glucose were determined at the start of the experiment and on the day of killing (8th week). Choroid and sclera samples were subjected to haematoxylin -eosin (HE) staining and histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses with the anti-oxidised LDL antibody. Sensory retina samples were subjected to an immunohistochemical analysis with the primary monoclonal nitrotyrosine antibody. At the end of the experiment, a significant increase was observed in TC and LDL-C concentrations in G1 rabbits when compared with G2 rabbits (P¼0·008 and P¼0·02, respectively). HE staining revealed a significant increase in choroid -sclera complex thickness in G1 rabbits when compared with G2 rabbits (P,0·001). Immunohistochemical analysis of choroid and sclera samples with the anti-oxidised LDL marker revealed a significant increase in immunoreactivity in G1 rabbits when compared with G2 rabbits (P,0·001). Immunohistochemical analysis of sensory retina samples with the anti-nitrotyrosine marker revealed a significant increase in immunoreactivity in G1 rabbits when compared with G2 rabbits (P¼ 0·002). Flaxseed reduced the choroid -sclera complex thickness of diet-induced hypercholesterolaemic rabbits and the expression of oxidised LDL in the choroid -sclera complex as well as the expression of nitrotyrosine in the sensory retina.

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Increased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 immunoreactivity in the sclera-choroid complex in hypercholesterolemia experimental model

Abstract: Aumento da imunorreatividade da molécula de adesão intercelular-1 na esclera e coroide em modelo experimental de hipercolesterolemia

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Hepatoprotective Effects of a Novel Trihoney against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comparative Study with Atorvastatin

Hepatoprotective Effects of a Novel Trihoney against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comparative Study with Atorvastatin

Expression of TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines in the choroid and sclera of hypercholesterolemic rabbits

Effect of flaxseed on choroid–sclera complex thickness and on LDL oxidation in the sclera, choroid and retina of diet-induced hypercholesterolaemic rabbits

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