Impact of environmental pollution on the ocular surface of Sjögren’s
                        syndrome patients

Galperín, Gustavo; Berra, Martín; Marquez, Maria Isabel; Mandaradoni, Mariana; Tau, Julia; Berra, Alejandro

doi:10.5935/0004-2749.20180091

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In this study, eye irritation (93%) was the most prevalent sicca symptom among all sicca symptoms investigated, which is in concordance with reports on some SS patient groups [16], while other studies reported a higher prevalence of oral symptoms than symptoms of other regions [14]. Nonetheless, this finding may not be surprising as ocular problems e.g., dry eyes and eye irritation due to SS, were reported to be more severe in cities with air pollution, and Hong Kong is a metropolitan city with a moderately high degree of air pollution [17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Sicca Symptoms, Oral Health Conditions, Salivary Flow and Oral Candida in Sjögren’s Syndrome Patients

Xin

Leung

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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This study aimed to investigate the relationships among sicca symptoms, oral health conditions, salivary profiles and oral Candida in Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) patients. Eighty-five SS patients (mean age = 50.5) and 40 healthy non-SS individuals (mean age = 51.4) were recruited. They self-completed the Sicca Symptoms Inventory (SSI). Decayed, missing and filled surface (DMFS) scores, salivary flow rates, pH and oral Candida colonization were determined. Mean SSI summary scores of SS patients and non-SS individuals were 11.1 and 5.4 respectively (p < 0.001). The most prevalent sicca symptoms in SS patients were eye irritation (93%), dry throat or nose (88%) and need of fluid for mouth wetting (88%). SS patients had significantly lower whole salivary flow rates than the non-SS individuals. Candida strains were isolated from over 60% of SS patients but not in non-SS patients. C. albicans was the predominant species. SSI summary score was negatively correlated to salivary flow rates while SSI summary and domain scores were positively correlated to the number of filled surfaces (FS) and DMFS scores and oral Candida counts. In conclusion, SS patients had more severe sicca symptoms than non-SS individuals. SSI scores were negatively correlated to the salivary flow rates but positively correlated to caries experience and oral Candida colonization.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Sicca Symptoms, Oral Health Conditions, Salivary Flow and Oral Candida in Sjögren’s Syndrome Patients

Xin

Leung

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…found that exposure to high-concentration NO 2 was significantly related to an increased risk of RA readmissions ( 21 ). Severe dryness of the mucosal surface in eyes and oral cavity were the primary clinical manifestation among SS patients, and the patients with SS who were exposed to air pollution was associated with more severe abnormalities of the ocular surface and eye irritation ( 22 ). In addition, environmental NO 2 concentration was proved to be associated with dry eye syndrome ( 23 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to ambient gaseous pollutant and daily hospitalizations for Sjögren’s syndrome in Hefei: A time-series study

Zhang

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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ObjectiveIncreasing evidence suggested that gaseous pollutants were associated with the development of autoimmune diseases, while there were few studies on the association between gaseous pollutants and Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). This study sought to assess the relationship between exposure to several gaseous pollutants and the hospitalizations for SS.MethodsThe data regarding SS hospitalizations, gaseous pollutants, and meteorological factors in Hefei from 2016 to 2021 were collected. A distributed lag non-linear model combined with a generalized linear model were adopted to analyze the association between gaseous pollutants and SS hospitalizations, and stratified analyses were also conducted.ResultsWe detected significant associations between gaseous pollutants (NO2, SO2, O3, CO) and SS hospitalizations. Exposure to NO2 was linked with the elevated risk of hospitalizations for SS (RR=1.026, lag1 day). A positive correlation between CO exposure and hospitalizations for SS was found (RR=1.144, lag2 day). In contrast, exposure to SO2, O3 was respectively related to the decreased risk of hospitalizations for SS (SO2: RR=0.897, lag14 day; O3: RR=0.992, lag9 day). Stratified analyses found that female patients were more vulnerable to these gaseous pollutants. SS patients ≥ 65 years were more susceptible to NO2, CO exposure, and younger patients were more vulnerable to O3 exposure. In addition, exposure to O3, CO in cold season were more likely to affect hospitalizations for SS.ConclusionOur results demonstrated a significant association between exposure to NO2, CO and elevated risk of hospitalizations for SS, and SO2, O3 exposure might be linked to reduced risk of SS hospitalizations.

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“…Several environmental factors related to the quality of air (pollution, use of central heating or air conditioning) have a significant impact on the integrity of the ocular surface. Some studies have reported that abnormalities of the ocular surface and eye irritation are related to air pollution (101)(102)(103).…”

Section: Mistake Gastrointestinal Involvement Is a Systemic Manifesta...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical diagnostic tips for the Sjögren Clinic: pearls, myths and mistakes

Brito-Zerón

Retamozo

Flores-Chávez³

et al. 2022

Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology

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More than 90 years have passed since Hendrik Sjögren began to consider that behind the dryness that several of his patients presented, there could be a systemic disease potentially linked to abnormal immune responses. For many years, the disease was mostly considered a minor syndrome compared with other systemic autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and vasculitis, and advances in its understanding were slow and little recognised. The irruption of new technologies at the end of the 20th century rapidly promoted the development of international projects with a wide impact and diffusion. In the last 20 years, a significant improvement has been achieved in epidemiological determinants, pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic accuracy, and a standardised therapeutic approach for patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). These developments have provided the tools for an early diagnosis and personalised management for most patients. However, a significant number of early myths and ongoing controversies are still making the appropriate management of SS difficult in daily clinical practice. This review provides a selection of pearls, myths, and mistakes that may serve as practical diagnostic tips for the Sjögren Clinic in four specific scenarios: defining the appropriate epidemiological background, enabling the earliest diagnostic suspicion as possible, improving the systemic characterisation of the disease, and designing an optimal follow-up of patients.

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Impact of environmental pollution on the ocular surface of Sjögren’s syndrome patients

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Sicca Symptoms, Oral Health Conditions, Salivary Flow and Oral Candida in Sjögren’s Syndrome Patients

Sicca Symptoms, Oral Health Conditions, Salivary Flow and Oral Candida in Sjögren’s Syndrome Patients

Exposure to ambient gaseous pollutant and daily hospitalizations for Sjögren’s syndrome in Hefei: A time-series study

Practical diagnostic tips for the Sjögren Clinic: pearls, myths and mistakes

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