Photoreceptor assessment using adaptive optics in resolved central serous
            chorioretinopathy

Meirelles, André Luiz Braga; Rodrigues, Murilo Wendeborn; Guirado, Aline Fernanda; Jorge, Rodrigo

doi:10.5935/0004-2749.20170047

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…AO-SLO is an imaging tool that can be used to evaluate retinal layer integrity and changes in visual outcomes before and after resolution of CSCR. It can be combined with other devices such as fundus camera and OCT to detect changes in photoreceptor mosaic pattern in patients with CSCR [31,32]. The AO-SLO is able to detect decrease in cone density and disruption of inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) or intermediate line on OCT [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Choroidal Imaging Findings in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Nkrumah

Maltsev

Manuel

et al. 2020

Vision

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Background: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a chorioretinal disease affecting mostly middle age males. It is marked by the serous detachment of the neurosensory layer at the macula. This review of the literature provides a framework of the current characteristic/relevant imaging findings of CSCR. Although the pathogenesis of CSCR is unclear, the choroid plays a major role and its changes are fundamental to the diagnosis and treatment of CSCR. Methods: A systematic literature search focusing on current multimodal imaging for CSCR was performed. Only articles reporting on original clinical data were selected, studies in a language other than English were included only if an English abstract was provided. Additional sources included articles cited in the references list of the first selected articles. We deduced imaging findings based on current and relevant literature on the topic. Results: We found that sub foveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) were greater in eyes with acute CSCR than in eyes with chronic CSCR or normal eyes. There was increased choroidal thickness (CT) in the macula compared to peripapillary region. In healthy eyes, the highest CVI was found in the nasal region followed by the inferior, temporal, and superior quadrant. The area with the least CVI was the macula. In eyes with CSCR, 100% had asymmetric dominant vortex veins compared to 38% in normal eyes. Conclusion: Choroidal imaging has advanced the diagnosis of CSCR. This has led to numerous imaging biomarkers like CVI, CT, and hyper-reflective dots for early detection and possible prognostication of CSCR. More techniques like wide field scans and en face imaging are being employed to characterize the choroid in CSCR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Choroidal Imaging Findings in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Nkrumah

Maltsev

Manuel

et al. 2020

Vision

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“…AO has been used to assess central serous chorioretinopathy. A case presentation revealed that AO optics demonstrated lower density, spacing, and changes in the photoreceptor mosaic pattern in the left eye which had recovered from CSCR than in the right eye, suggesting that CSCR may cause damage to cones after clinical recovery (91). A more comprehensive comparison with AO-SLO in 45 eyes with resolved CSCR and 20 normal eyes demonstrated abnormal cone mosaic patterns and reduced cone densities in eyes with resolved CSCR, and these abnormalities were associated with VA loss (92).…”

Section: Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (Cscr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive optics: principles and applications in ophthalmology

Akyol

Hagag

Sivaprasad

et al. 2020

Eye

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This is a comprehensive review of the principles and applications of adaptive optics (AO) in ophthalmology. It has been combined with flood illumination ophthalmoscopy, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, as well as optical coherence tomography to image photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), retinal ganglion cells, lamina cribrosa and the retinal vasculature. In this review, we highlight the clinical studies that have utilised AO to understand disease mechanisms. However, there are some limitations to using AO in a clinical setting including the cost of running an AO imaging service, the time needed to scan patients, the lack of normative databases and the very small size of area imaged. However, it is undoubtedly an exceptional research tool that enables visualisation of the retina at a cellular level.

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“…CSCR is characterized by an idiopathic serous neurosensory detachment in the macula which often induces a disruption of the ellipsoid zone where outer segments of the photoreceptors are located. 11 CSCR might cause a significant decrease in photoreceptor density, even in patients with a very good visual acuity. 18 A new imaging challenge might be visualizing in vivo the morphology of photoreceptors and their changes in a diseased eye.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 7 , 8 A decrease in cone density has already been reported using AO imaging in CSCR patients. 9 , 10 , 11 Till date, it is considered the best in-vivo imaging technique for human photoreceptors, nevertheless, there are some limitations of AO which restrict the use in clinical settings such as limited scanning field, separate set-up for clinical imaging, higher cost and long acquisition time. 12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-vivo visualization of the photoreceptors using Spectralis High Magnification Module imaging in central serous chorioretinopathy

Gujar

Muzi

Cagini

et al. 2022

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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Purpose To visualize photoreceptors using the Spectralis High Magnification Module (HMM) in a case of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) and to correlate the findings with those of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Observations A 35-year-old Caucasian male presenting with chronic CSCR in the left eye was examined using HMM, OCT and OCT-A. The photoreceptors mosaic was assessed both in diseased and apparently uninvolved areas. A partial topographic correlation between the loss of photoreceptors on HMM images and an altered reflectivity of the photoreceptor layer on en-face OCT was noted. Interestingly, a correlation between the photoreceptor damage on HMM and choriocapillaris flow-void areas on OCT-A was seen. Conclusions and Importance HMM is a non-invasive imaging modality, allowing the in-vivo visualization of photoreceptor damage in a diseased retina. A focal abnormal perfusion of the choriocapillaris might influence the integrity of the overlying photoreceptors in CSCR.

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Photoreceptor assessment using adaptive optics in resolved central serous chorioretinopathy

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Current Choroidal Imaging Findings in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Current Choroidal Imaging Findings in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Adaptive optics: principles and applications in ophthalmology

In-vivo visualization of the photoreceptors using Spectralis High Magnification Module imaging in central serous chorioretinopathy

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