Avaliação Do Desempenho E Custos De Dois Sistemas De Cabos Aéreos Na Extração De Madeira De Eucalipto

Abstract

RESUMOObjetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o desempenho e determinar os custos de dois sistemas de cabos aéreos na extração de madeira de eucalipto em região montanhosa. A análise técnica baseou-se em estudo de tempos e movimentos do ciclo operacional e produtividade de dois sistemas de extração: Sistema 1 (trator Massey Ferguson 297 e guincho Penzsaur K301-T) e Sistema 2 (escavadora Caterpillar 320L e guincho Koller), operando em plantios com idade de sete anos e de segunda rotação. A produtividade média na extração de madeira foi de 13,63 m 3 h -1 para o Sistema 1 e 14,70 m 3 h -1 para o Sistema 2, para distância média de 150 m, eficiência operacional de 46% e 51% e disponibilidade mecânica de 91% e 59%, respectivamente. O aumento da distância de extração implicou em aumento no tempo para realizar as atividades do ciclo operacional e em redução da produtividade. O Sistema 2 mostrou-se mais produtivo, porém, apresentou maior custo de produção. Palavras-chave: extração florestal; teleféricos; produtividade. ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and determine the costs of two cable yarder systems in the extraction of eucalyptus wood in mountainous regions. The technical analysis was based on the study of times and motions of the operating cycle and productivity of two extraction systems: System 1 (tractor Massey Ferguson 297 and winch Penzsaur K301-T) and System 2 (excavator Caterpillar 320L and winch Koller), operating in plantations aged seven years old and of second rotation. Average productivity in logging was 13.63 m 3 h -1 for System 1 and 14.70 m 3 h -1 for System 2 for a distance of 150 m on average, operating efficiency of 46% and 51% and mechanical availability of 91% and 59%, respectively. The increased extraction distance resulted in increased time to perform the activities of the operating cycle and reduced productivity. System 2 was more productive, but showed higher production costs.

Optimization of Maintenance Activity Using the World-Class Maintenance System in Skidder Forest Operations

“…The mechanical availability is defined as the percentage of the programmed service time in which the machine is available to perform a certain activity, ignoring the time spent in maintenance (Rocha et al, 2009;Simones & Fenner, 2010;Santos et al, 2013;Lopes et al, 2016;Guedes et al, 2017) and is calculated by the expression:…”

Analysis of Indicators and Cost of World Class Maintenance (Wcm) in Forest Machines

“…The MA, defined as the percentage of the scheduled service time in which the machine was available to perform a given activity, disregarding the maintenance time, was obtained by the equation used by Guedes et al (2017).…”

“…The tendency towards mechanization increasing of forest harvesting operations is attributed mainly to the need for higher productivity; however, other factors such as safety, environment and costs should also be considered (LeDOUX, 2010). In this sense, researchers infer that forest harvesting activities represent high costs in the forest productive process, and can reach 50% or more of the industry wood costs, having, possibly, a great economic impact on the forest-based industry (GUEDES et al, 2017). Lopes et al (2014) and Silva et al (2010), studying the extraction and logging operations, respectively, identified that only the cost of mechanical maintenance can represent up to 60% of forest harvesting machine total cost, being clear the importance of the maintenance sector within the activity of wood harvesting.…”

Manutenção Preventiva Como Determinante Para Redução De Custos De Manutenção De Um Feller Buncher

“…A disponibilidade mecânica, definida como o tempo em que o equipamento está disponível mecanicamente para realizar o trabalho, foi obtida pela Equação 1 (SANTOS et al, 2013;LOPES et al, 2016;GUEDES et al, 2017).…”