Fatores associados ao conhecimento sobre a toxoplasmose entre gestantes atendidas na rede pública de saúde do município de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-2015*

Aims:To evaluate knowledge about toxoplasmosis among pregnant women and healthcare professionals and to evaluate the knowledge acquired by pregnant women after health education actions. Methods: Five hundred pregnant women and 141 healthcare professionals from health units in Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, answered a questionnaire, received information about toxoplasmosis and had access to an interactive educational model and to folders between 2013 and 2016. After 3 months, 145 pregnant women answered the questionnaire once again. Results: Of 500 pregnant women, 226 (45.2%) reported having heard about toxoplasmosis. Among these, 23.5% had obtained information from friends and 19.0% from their doctors. About their exposure to risk factors, 6.8% had had contact with cat feces; 14.0% had had contact with soil without gloves; 23.4% had ingested undercooked meat; and 24.0% had drunk unfiltered water from the public supply system. The questionnaires of 145 pregnant women before and after the educational activities were compared and showed that contact with soil without gloves dropped significantly from 11.0% to 4.8% (p = 0.022) while consumption of unfiltered water fell from 26.9% to 20.0% (p < 0.001). Washing foods (62.1%), washing hands (62.1%) and consumption of well-cooked meat (61.4%) were the most widely cited preventive measures. Many mistakes were reported among healthcare professionals, and one nursing technician and 13 community healthcare agents (9.9%) had not heard about toxoplasmosis. Conclusions: Lack of knowledge about toxoplasmosis by most of the interviewed pregnant women, in addition to the misconceptions observed among healthcare professionals, leads to the conclusion that little importance has been given so far to primary prevention of toxoplasmosis during the prenatal period. Also, health professionals' inadequate knowledge could be detrimental to secondary prevention, which consists of early detection and treatment of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. In this study, educational intervention contributed to improving knowledge about the transmission and prevention of toxoplasmosis by pregnant women and, to a lesser extent, to reducing exposure to some risk factors.KEY WORDS: toxoplasmosis; pregnant women; knowledge; health education; primary prevention. RESUMOObjetivos: Avaliar o conhecimento da toxoplasmose entre gestantes e profissionais de saúde e avaliar o conhecimento adquirido pelas gestantes após ações de educação em saúde. Métodos: Quinhentas gestantes e 141 profissionais de saúde provenientes de Unidades de Saúde de Niterói-RJ de 2013 a 2016, foram entrevistados por meio de um questionário, receberam informações sobre a toxoplasmose, tiveram acesso a um modelo educativo interativo e folders. Após três meses, 145 gestantes responderam novamente ao questionário. Resultados: Das 500 gestantes, 226 (45,2%) relataram que já tinham ouvido falar sobre toxoplasmose. Destas, 23,5% tiveram informações por amigos e 19,0% pelo médico. Sobre exposição aos fatores de risco, 6,8% relataram con...

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“…History of abortion was also associated with toxoplasmosis-related knowledge [32]. The same result was observed for 500 pregnant women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Congenital toxoplasmosis: perception of knowledge and primary prevention measures among healthcare professionals and pregnant women treated in public healthcare facilities

Moura

Millar

Fonseca

et al. 2017

Sci Med

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“…The third criteria, past health loss, was attributed the indicator presence of comorbidities, whether chronic diseases or other health conditions. It highlights the potential special value of an intervention if it targets a group that has suffered significant past health loss [ 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for equity considerations in cost-effectiveness analysis: a systematic review of rotavirus vaccine in low- and middle-income countries

Boujaoude

Mirelman

Dalziel

et al. 2018

Cost Eff Resour Alloc

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BackgroundCost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is frequently used as an input for guiding priority setting in health. However, CEA seldom incorporates information about trade-offs between total health gains and equity impacts of interventions. This study investigates to what extent equity considerations have been taken into account in CEA in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), using rotavirus vaccination as a case study.MethodsSpecific equity-related indicators for vaccination were first mapped to the Guidance on Priority Setting in Health Care (GPS-Health) checklist criteria. Economic evaluations of rotavirus vaccine in LMICs identified via a systematic review of the literature were assessed to explore the extent to which equity was considered in the research objectives and analysis, and whether it was reflected in the evaluation results.ResultsThe mapping process resulted in 18 unique indicators. Under the ‘disease and intervention’ criteria, severity of illness was incorporated in 75% of the articles, age distribution of the disease in 70%, and presence of comorbidities in 5%. For the ‘social groups’ criteria, relative coverage reflecting wealth-based coverage inequality was taken into account in 30% of the articles, geographic location in 27%, household income level in 8%, and sex at birth in 5%. For the criteria of ‘protection against the financial and social effects of ill health’, age weighting was incorporated in 43% of the articles, societal perspective in 58%, caregiver’s loss of productivity in 45%, and financial risk protection in 5%. Overall, some articles incorporated the indicators in their model inputs (20%) while the majority (80%) presented results (costs, health outcomes, or incremental cost-effectiveness ratios) differentiated according to the indicators. Critically, less than a fifth (17%) of articles incorporating indicators did so due to an explicit study objective related to capturing equity considerations. Most indicators were increasingly incorporated over time, with a notable exception of age-weighting of DALYs.ConclusionIntegrating equity criteria in CEA can help policy-makers better understand the distributional impact of health interventions. This study illustrates how equity considerations are currently being incorporated within CEA of rotavirus vaccination and highlights the components of equity that have been used in studies in LMICs. Areas for further improvement are identified.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12962-018-0102-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…As to human health, various diseases are caused by the absence of adequate sanitary facilities, such as typhoid fever, caused by poor hygiene and basic sanitation; Cholera, acute diarrhea; Hepatitis A and E; Toxoplasmosis (MOURA et al, 2016); Ascaridiasis (SILVA et al, 2010); Trichuriasis, ancylostomiasis, schistosomiasis (SAUCHA et al, 2015) and teniasis. The adequate sanitary prevent such diseases, allowing less contamination of the environment and water courses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sanitary Facilities in the State of Maranhão, Brazil

Silva

Castro²,

Jesus

et al. 2017

J. Geo. Mod.

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Sanitary sewage consists of a necessary service for quality of life and promotion of public health. In Brazil, the index of households with adequate sanitary facilities is still low and irrelevant in relation to the demand in the country. This study study aimed to evaluate the amount of sanitary facilities in the households of the State of Maranhão. For this, we used data from the census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and from the Municipal Health Department, collected in 2000 and 2010. The analysis of data was performed by means of descriptive statistics and the generation of an isoline map using the Surfer 11 program. The results showed that in 2000, only 9 counties had more than 20,000 sanitary facilities. In 2010, this number increased to 12 municipalities. The data had lognormal distribution and high coefficient of variation. The state capital, São Luís, had a greater number of facilities and water supply. This stems from the greater contingent and distribution of GDP per capita. The counties of Nova Colinas and São Pedro dos Crentes had the lowest numbers of sanitary facilities. Sanitary sewage allows the adequate dispose of fecal waste and improves the quality of life of the population.

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Fatores associados ao conhecimento sobre a toxoplasmose entre gestantes atendidas na rede pública de saúde do município de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 2013-2015*

Abstract: the variables 'age', 'education level', 'number of pregnancies' and 'abortion history' were important factors for toxoplasmosis-related knowledge among pregnant women assisted in the public health care sector of Niterói.

Cited by 19 publications

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Congenital toxoplasmosis: perception of knowledge and primary prevention measures among healthcare professionals and pregnant women treated in public healthcare facilities

Congenital toxoplasmosis: perception of knowledge and primary prevention measures among healthcare professionals and pregnant women treated in public healthcare facilities

Accounting for equity considerations in cost-effectiveness analysis: a systematic review of rotavirus vaccine in low- and middle-income countries

Sanitary Facilities in the State of Maranhão, Brazil

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