Atividade eletromiográfica e discinesia escapular em atletas com e sem síndrome do impacto no ombro

Oliveira, Valéria Mayaly Alves de; Batista, Laísla da Silva Paixão; Pirauá, André Luiz Torres; Pitangui, Ana Carolina Rodarti; Araújo, Rodrigo Cappato de

doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2013v15n2p193

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Studies focusing on balance ratio rather than absolute muscle activation levels are limited. 11,12,15,19,20,27 In this view, scapular rehabilitation exercises could specifically be chosen with the aim to selectively activate the weaker muscle with an inhibition of the hyperactive muscle, thus potentially restoring the scapular balance ratio. 13 In clinical practice, the hyperactivation of the Pm and LS is often seen and can cause abnormal positioning and movement of the scapula.…”

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Rehabilitation Exercises for Dysfunction of the Scapula: Exploration of Muscle Activity Using Fine-Wire EMG

et al. 2021

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Background: Scapular muscle activity during shoulder exercises has been explored with surface electromyography (EMG). However, knowledge about the activity of deeper-layer scapular muscles is still limited. Purpose: To investigate EMG activation of the deeper-layer scapular stabilizers (levator scapulae [LS], rhomboid major [RM], pectoralis minor [Pm] muscles) together with superficial muscle activity (upper [UT], middle [MT], and lower trapezius [LT] and serratus anterior [SA]) during 4 exercises often used for training scapular function. Based on the amplitude EMG of the deeper-layer muscles, scapular muscle activation ratios for the 4 exercises were calculated, hereby providing knowledge of the optimal muscle balance. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 26 healthy participants performed 4 shoulder exercises (side-lying external rotation [ER], side-lying forward flexion, prone horizontal abduction with ER, and prone extension) while simultaneously measuring scapular muscle activity. Intramuscular electrodes were used for the deeper layer, in contrast to surface electrodes for the superficial muscles. All data were normalized to percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC), and the activation ratios (the muscle activity of the deeper layer relative to the other muscles) were calculated. A 1-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction was applied for statistical analysis. Results: Moderate activity was found in all exercises for the LS and RM (25%-45% MVIC). The Pm resulted in low activity during both side-lying exercises (13%-18% MVIC). Ratios involving LS or RM showed values >1 for all exercises (1.28-12.41) except for LS/MT, LS/LT, and LS/RM (0.85-0.98) during side-lying ER, and LS/MT, RM/MT and RM/LS (0.85-0.99) during side-lying forward flexion. Likewise, values <1 were found when MT (0.85) and LS (0.99) were involved with RM in the numerator during side-lying forward flexion. Ratios with Pm in the numerator showed values <1, apart from the ratios with UT and SA in the denominator. Conclusion: The study provides extended knowledge about the deeper-layer scapular muscle activity and related ratios during the 4 shoulder exercises mentioned here. Putting theory into practice, based on our results, we advise both side-lying exercises to be performed to strengthen LT and MT, even in case of hyperactivity of the Pm. However, the 4 exercises should be given carefully to patients with hyperactivity in the LS and/or RM. Clinical Relevance: The findings of this study may assist clinical decision making in exercise selection for restoring scapular function.

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Rehabilitation Exercises for Dysfunction of the Scapula: Exploration of Muscle Activity Using Fine-Wire EMG

et al. 2021

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“…Em estudo similar conduzido por Oliveira et. al., descreve-se que em atletas amadores que participaram do GA há uma predominância da ativação do SA e TI durante a abdução, diferentemente do que este estudo mostrou, e o TS é acionado nos graus finais do movimento de abdução [8] , como mostra este estudo para alguns atletas. Já no GS, no membro dominante em 30°, houve maior ativação do SA, já em 180° predominou o TS.…”

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“…No membro não dominante ocorreu o mesmo padrão de ativação em 30º que o lado dominante, porém em 180° o SA foi mais ativo em todos os indivíduos, discordando do estudo de Oliveira et. al., que verificou entre os atletas amadores que participaram do GS, um aumento da atividade do TS, durante os movimentos, justificada pela redução da excitabilidade do SA encontrada nesse grupo [8] .…”

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“…O desequilíbrio muscular da cintura escapular é apontado por Oliveira et. al., como a causa mais comum para as anormalidades na cinemática do ombro e da escápula [8] . A mudança no ritmo escapular é conhecida com discinese escapular, onde, vários motivos podem ser os causadores, sendo o de maior relevância o desequilíbrio dos músculos periescapulares, Tabela 4.…”

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“…Qualquer desequilíbrio nesse ritmo pode alterar a cinemática escapular, provocando uma discinese, proveniente de desequilíbrio da musculatura periescapular secundário à fadiga, trauma ou lesão neurológica [3] . Essa é uma das causas de dor no ombro, especialmente durante as atividades que vão além dos 90° de elevação do braço [8] .…”

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Padrões De Ativação Dos Músculos Da Escápula E Dor No Ombro Em Atletas De Handebol

Barreira¹,

Pataro²

2018

Anais Do v Congresso Brasileiro De Eletromiografia E Cinesiologia E X Simpósio De Engenharia Biomédica

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Resumo: O handebol é uma modalidade esportiva coletiva, de alta intensidade, que predispõe os atletas a um alto nível de sobrecarga na articulação glenoumeral, podendo ser gerada por desequilíbrio dos músculos que controlam o movimento escapular. Desta maneira, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar padrão de ativação dos músculos da escápula e dor no ombro em atletas de handebol. Foi aplicado um questionário e a análise eletromiográfica. Divididos em grupos, assintomático (GA) e sintomático (GS), e realizada análise dos músculos trapézio superior (TS) e trapézio inferior (TI), e serrátil anterior (SA), em 30° e 180° de abdução do ombro. Os resultados mostram que no membro dominante do GA em ambos os graus a maior ativação foi do TS, já no GS a maior ativação foi no SA à 30° e do TS à 180°, e no membro não dominante os dois grupos mostram uma maior ativação do SA nos dois graus analisados. Conclui-se que embora este estudo tenha mostrado maior ativação do TS no GS a 180°, não se pode inferir que isto esteja correlacionado com a dor no ombro apresentada por esses atletas, uma vez que a diferença no padrão de ativação dos músculos supracitados não foi tão relevante. Palavras-chave: Desequilíbrio muscular, Escápula, Eletromiografia, Handebol. Abstract: Handball is a high intensity, collective sport that predisposes athletes to a high level of overload in the

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Neuromuscular shoulder activity during exercises with different combinations of stable and unstable weight mass

Baritello

Khajooei

Engel

et al. 2020

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Background: Recent shoulder injury prevention programs have utilized resistance exercises combined with different forms of instability, with the goal of eliciting functional adaptations and thereby reducing the risk of injury. However, it is still unknown how an unstable weight mass (UWM) affects the muscular activity of the shoulder stabilizers. Aim of the study was to assess neuromuscular activity of dynamic shoulder stabilizers under four conditions of stable and UWM during three shoulder exercises. It was hypothesized that a combined condition of weight with UWM would elicit greater activation due to the increased stabilization demand. Methods: Sixteen participants (7 m/9 f) were included in this cross-sectional study and prepared with an EMG-setup for the: Mm. upper/lower trapezius (U.TA/L.TA), lateral deltoid (DE), latissimus dorsi (LD), serratus anterior (SA) and pectoralis major (PE). A maximal voluntary isometric contraction test (MVIC; 5 s.) was performed on an isokinetic dynamometer. Next, internal/external rotation (In/Ex), abduction/adduction (Ab/Ad) and diagonal flexion/extension (F/E) exercises (5 reps.) were performed with four custom-made-pipes representing different exercise conditions. First, the empty-pipe (P; 0.5 kg) and then, randomly ordered, water-filled-pipe (PW; 1 kg), weight-pipe (PG; 4.5 kg) and weight + water-filled-pipe (PWG; 4.5 kg), while EMG was recorded. Raw root-mean-square values (RMS) were normalized to MVIC (%MVIC). Differences between conditions for RMS%MVIC, scapular stabilizer (SR: U.TA/L.TA; U.TA/SA) and contraction (CR: concentric/eccentric) ratios were analyzed (paired t-test; p ≤ 0.05; Bonferroni adjusted α = 0.008). Results: PWG showed significantly greater muscle activity for all exercises and all muscles except for PE compared to P and PW. Condition PG elicited muscular activity comparable to PWG (p > 0.008) with significantly lower activation of L.TA and SA in the In/Ex rotation. The SR ratio was significantly higher in PWG compared to P and PW. No significant differences were found for the CR ratio in all exercises and for all muscles. Conclusion: Higher weight generated greater muscle activation whereas an UWM raised the neuromuscular activity, increasing the stabilization demands. Especially in the In/Ex rotation, an UWM increased the RMS%MVIC and SR ratio. This might improve training effects in shoulder prevention and rehabilitation programs.

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Atividade eletromiográfica e discinesia escapular em atletas com e sem síndrome do impacto no ombro

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Rehabilitation Exercises for Dysfunction of the Scapula: Exploration of Muscle Activity Using Fine-Wire EMG

Rehabilitation Exercises for Dysfunction of the Scapula: Exploration of Muscle Activity Using Fine-Wire EMG

Padrões De Ativação Dos Músculos Da Escápula E Dor No Ombro Em Atletas De Handebol

Neuromuscular shoulder activity during exercises with different combinations of stable and unstable weight mass

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